Neck Anatomy

Question 1

Boundaries of the anterior triangle

Answer 1

Posterior: SCM

Anterior: Midline of the neck

Superior: Mandlible

Question 2

Four sub-triangles of the anterior neck triangle

Answer 2

1. Muscular
2. Submental
3. Submandibular
4. Carotid

Question 3

Boundaries of the submandibular triangle

Answer 3

Superior: Mandible

Anterior: Anterior belly of digastric muscle

Posterior: Posterior belly of the digastric muscle

Question 4

Contents of submandibular triangle

Answer 4

Submandibular gland, hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), mylohyoid nerve, facial artery and vein, superficial lymph nodes

Question 5

Boundaries of the carotid triangle

Answer 5

Superior: Posterior belly of digastric

Inferior: Superior belly of omohyoid muscle

Posterior: Anterior edge of SCM

Question 6

Contents of carotid triangle

Answer 6

Carotid sheath (internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, and vagus nerve [CN X]) and deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 7

Boundaries of the submental triangle

Answer 7

Anterior bellies of digastric muscles and hyoid bone

Question 8

Contents of submental triangle

Answer 8

submental artery, submental vein, mylohyoid, submental (superficial) lymph nodes

Note: the mylohyoid muscle form the major part of the floor of this triangle and the floor of the oral cavity

Question 9

Boundaries of the muscular triangle

Answer 9

Superior: Superior belly of the omohyoid muscle

Anterior: Midline of the neck

Lateral: anterior border of the SCM

Question 10

Contents of the muscular triangle

Answer 10

sternohyoid, sternothyroid and thyrohyoid muscles (strap), laryngeal cartilages, upper trachea, thyroid gland, both superficial & deep lymph nodes

Question 11

Where does the inferior thyroid artery arise from?

Answer 11

Thyrocervical trunk, a branch of the subclavian artery

Question 12

What are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery?

Answer 12

VIT

Vertebral artery
Internal thoracic artery
Thyrocervical trunk

Question 13

What are the main branches of the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 13

SIT

Suprascapular artery
Inferior thyroid artery
Transverse cervical artery

Question 14

What does the accessory nerve (CN XI) innervate?

Answer 14

SCM and Trapezius

Question 15

What innervates the submandibular gland?

Answer 15

CN XII (Facial)

Question 16

What does the right recurrent laryngeal loop around?

Answer 16

Right subclavian

Question 17

What does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve loop around?

Answer 17

Aortic arch

Question 18

What CN do the left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves branch off from?

Answer 18

CN X (Vagus)

Question 19

What does the anterior jugular vein arise from? Where does it drain?

Answer 19

It arises from the submental veins

It drains into the external jugular vein or the subclavian

Question 20

Where is the retromandibular vein found? Where does it drain?

Answer 20

It runs behind the parotid gland.

It drains into the external jugular vein

Question 21

What is the name for the area where the superior deep cervical lymph nodes are found?

Answer 21

jugulodigastric

Question 22

What is the name for the area where the inferior deep cervical lymph nodes are found?

Answer 22

juguloomohyoid