Upper Limb Joints

Question 1

what is an alternative name for the shoulder joint?

Answer 1

glenohumeral joint

Question 2

what are the articulating surfaces of the shoulder joint?

Answer 2

glenoid fossa and head of humerus

Question 3

what type of joint is the shoulder joint?

Answer 3

synovial, ball-and-socket

Question 4

what acts to deepen the glenoid fossa?

Answer 4

glenoid labrum - fibrocartilagenous rim

Question 5

what is the purpose of the glenoid labrum?

Answer 5

deepen the glenoid fossa

Question 6

name the 4 ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 6

glenohumeral (superior, middle and inferior)
coracohumeral
transverse humeral ligament
coracoacromial ligament

Question 7

what is the function of the glenohumeral ligament?

Answer 7

stabilises the anterior aspect of the joint

Question 8

what is the function of the coracohumeral ligament?

Answer 8

stabilises the superior aspect of the joint

Question 9

what is the function of the transverse humeral ligament?

Answer 9

holds tendon of long head of biceps into bicipital groove

Question 10

what is the function of the coracoacromial ligament?

Answer 10

prevents superior displacement of humeral head

Question 11

what three factors increase the mobility of the shoulder joint?

Answer 11

ball-and-socket type
disproportion of articular surfaces
laxity of joint capsule

Question 12

what three factors increase the stability of the shoulder joint?

Answer 12

rotator cuff muscles ("pull" head of humerus into glenoid fossa)
glenoid labrum (deepends glenoid fossa)
ligaments

Question 13

what are the articular surfaces of the elbow joint?

Answer 13

trochlear notch of ulna to trochlea of humerus

head of radius to capitulum of humerus

Question 14

what type of joint is the elbow joint?

Answer 14

synovial, hinge

Question 15

what ligaments does the elbow joint have?

Answer 15

collateral ligaments - medial and lateral thickenings of capsule

Question 16

what type of joints are the radio-ulnar joints?

Answer 16

pivot

Question 17

what are the articular surfaces of the proximal radial-ulnar joint?

Answer 17

head of radius to radial notch of ulna

Question 18

what are the articular surfaces of the distal radial-ulnar joint?

Answer 18

ulnar notch of radius to head of ulna

Question 19

name the ligament holding the radius in place in the proximal radial-ulna joint?

Answer 19

anularradial ligament - forms a collar around the joint

Question 20

name the ligaments at the distal radial-ulnar joint

Answer 20

has anterior and posterior ligaments

also has fibrocartilagenous ligament - the articular disk

Question 21

what is the function of the articular disk?

Answer 21

blends radius and ulna together, holds them together during movement of joint
separates distal radial-ulnar joint from wrist joint

Question 22

what are the articular surfaces of the wrist joint?

Answer 22

proximal row of carpal bones (except pisiform) to distal end of radius and the articular disk
NOT the ulna bone!

Question 23

what type of joint is the wrist joints?

Answer 23

ellipsoid, synovial

Question 24

name the 4 ligaments of the wrist joint

Answer 24

palmar/dorsal radiocarpal

ulnar/radial collateral

Question 25

what is the function of the palmar radiocarpal ligament?

Answer 25

ensures hand follows forearm during supination

Question 26

what is the function of the dorsal radiocarpal ligament?

Answer 26

ensures hand follows forearm during pronation

Question 27

what is the function of the ulnar/radial collateral ligaments of the wrist joint?

Answer 27

prevent excessive lateral joint displacement

Question 28

what type of joint are the interpharyngeal joints?

Answer 28

synovial, hinge

Question 29

what type of joint are the metacarpopharyngeal joints?

Answer 29

synovial, condyloid