Upper Limb Joints Flashcards
what is an alternative name for the shoulder joint?
glenohumeral joint
what are the articulating surfaces of the shoulder joint?
glenoid fossa and head of humerus
what type of joint is the shoulder joint?
synovial, ball-and-socket
what acts to deepen the glenoid fossa?
glenoid labrum - fibrocartilagenous rim
what is the purpose of the glenoid labrum?
deepen the glenoid fossa
name the 4 ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?
glenohumeral (superior, middle and inferior)
coracohumeral
transverse humeral ligament
coracoacromial ligament
what is the function of the glenohumeral ligament?
stabilises the anterior aspect of the joint
what is the function of the coracohumeral ligament?
stabilises the superior aspect of the joint
what is the function of the transverse humeral ligament?
holds tendon of long head of biceps into bicipital groove
what is the function of the coracoacromial ligament?
prevents superior displacement of humeral head
what three factors increase the mobility of the shoulder joint?
ball-and-socket type
disproportion of articular surfaces
laxity of joint capsule
what three factors increase the stability of the shoulder joint?
rotator cuff muscles ("pull" head of humerus into glenoid fossa)
glenoid labrum (deepends glenoid fossa)
ligamentswhat are the articular surfaces of the elbow joint?
trochlear notch of ulna to trochlea of humerus
head of radius to capitulum of humerus
what type of joint is the elbow joint?
synovial, hinge
what ligaments does the elbow joint have?
collateral ligaments - medial and lateral thickenings of capsule
what type of joints are the radio-ulnar joints?
pivot
what are the articular surfaces of the proximal radial-ulnar joint?
head of radius to radial notch of ulna
what are the articular surfaces of the distal radial-ulnar joint?
ulnar notch of radius to head of ulna
name the ligament holding the radius in place in the proximal radial-ulna joint?
anularradial ligament - forms a collar around the joint
name the ligaments at the distal radial-ulnar joint
has anterior and posterior ligaments
also has fibrocartilagenous ligament - the articular disk
what is the function of the articular disk?
blends radius and ulna together, holds them together during movement of joint
separates distal radial-ulnar joint from wrist joint
what are the articular surfaces of the wrist joint?
proximal row of carpal bones (except pisiform) to distal end of radius and the articular disk
NOT the ulna bone!
what type of joint is the wrist joints?
ellipsoid, synovial
name the 4 ligaments of the wrist joint
palmar/dorsal radiocarpal
ulnar/radial collateral
what is the function of the palmar radiocarpal ligament?
ensures hand follows forearm during supination
what is the function of the dorsal radiocarpal ligament?
ensures hand follows forearm during pronation
what is the function of the ulnar/radial collateral ligaments of the wrist joint?
prevent excessive lateral joint displacement
what type of joint are the interpharyngeal joints?
synovial, hinge
what type of joint are the metacarpopharyngeal joints?
synovial, condyloid
