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Posterior Thigh and Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

how many muscles are there in the posterior thigh compartment?

A

3

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2
Q

name the 3 muscles of the posterior thigh

A

biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus

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3
Q

what is an alternative name for the posterior thigh muscles?

A

hamstrings

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4
Q

what is the general function of the hamstrings?

A

extension at hip, flexion at knee

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5
Q

which nerve innervates the posterior thigh?

A

sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

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6
Q

where can the common tendon of the biceps femoris be felt?

A

laterally at posterior knee

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7
Q

what are the attachments of the biceps femoris?

A

long head: ischial tuberosity, short head: linea aspera

both to head of fibula

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8
Q

what is the action of the biceps femoris?

A

flexion at knee

also, extension at hip, lateral rotation at hip and at knee

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9
Q

describe the innervation of the biceps femoris

A

long head = tibial part of sciatic nerve

short head = common fibular part of sciatic nerve

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10
Q

what are the attachments of semitendinosus?

A

ischial tuberosity to medial surface of tibia

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11
Q

what is the action of semitendinosus and semimembranosus?

A

flexion at knee
extension of thigh at hip
medially rotates thigh at hip and leg at knee

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12
Q

which is more superficial, semitendinosus or semimembranosus?

A

semitendinosus

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13
Q

what is the innervation of semitendinosus and semimembranosus?

A

tibial part of sciatic nerve

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14
Q

what are the attachments of semimembranosus?

A

ischial tuberosity to medial tibial condyle

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15
Q

how many muscles are there in the superficial gluteal region?

A

3

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16
Q

how many muscles are there in the deep gluteal region?

A

5

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17
Q

how many muscles are there in the gluteal region?

A

8

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18
Q

name the three superficial gluteal muscles

A

gluteus maximus, medius and minimus

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19
Q

which gluteal muscle gives the shape of the buttocks?

A

gluteus maximus

20
Q

name the five deep gluteal muscles

A

piriformis
obturator internus
gemelli - superior and inferior
quadratus femoris

21
Q

what is the general action of the superficial gluteal region?

A

abduction and extension of thigh

22
Q

what are the attachments of gluteus maximus

A

gluteal surface of ilium, sacrum and coccyx to iliotibial tract and greater trochanter of femur

23
Q

what is the action of gluteus maximus?

A

main extensor of thigh

assists with lateral rotation

24
Q

what is the innervation of gluteus maximus?

A

inferior gluteal nerve

25
Q

what does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

gluteus maximus

26
Q

what does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

gluteus medius and minimus

27
Q

what are the attachments of gluteus medius?

A

gluteal surface of ilium to lateral surface of greater trochanter

28
Q

what is the action of gluteus medius?

A

abducts and medially rotates lower limb

secures pelvis during locomotion

29
Q

which two superficial gluteal muscles help secure the pelvis during locomotion?

A

gluteus medius and minimus

30
Q

what is the innervation of gluteus medius?

A

superior gluteal nerve

31
Q

what are the attachments of gluteus minimus?

A

ilium, converges to form a tendon to the anterior side of greater trochanter

32
Q

what is the innervation of gluteus minimus?

A

superior gluteal nerve

33
Q

what is the action of gluteus minimus?

A

abducts and medially rotates lower limb

secures pelvis during locomotion

34
Q

which of the deep gluteal muscles produces ONLY lateral rotation, no abduction?

A

quadratus femoris

35
Q

what is the general action of the deep gluteal muscles?

A

lateral rotation and abduction (apart from quadratus femoris)

36
Q

what are the attachments of piriformis?

A

anterior surface of sacrum, through greater sciatic foramen to greater trochanter of femur

37
Q

what is the innervation of piriformis?

A

nerve to piriformis

38
Q

what are the attachments of the obturator internus?

A

pubis and ischium at obturator foramen, through sciatic foramen to greater trochanter

39
Q

what is the innervation of the obturator internus?

A

nerve to obturator internus

40
Q

what are the attachments of the gemelli?

A

superior: ischial spine, inferior: ischial tuberosity

both go to greater trochanter of femur

41
Q

describe the innervation of the gemelli

A 
superior = nerve to obturator internus
inferior = nerve to quadratus femoris
42
Q

what does the nerve to quadratus femoris innervate?

A

quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus

43
Q

what does the nerve to obturator internus innervate?

A

obturator internus and superior gemellus

44
Q

what are the attachments of quadratus femoris?

A

lateral side of ischial tuberosity to quadrate tuberosity on intertrochanteric crest

45
Q

name the 7 muscles that attach to the greater trochanter

A 
origin: vastus lateralis
insertion:
obturator internus
gemelli - superior and inferior
piriformis
gluteus medius
gluteus minimis

MSK (15 decks)

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