Upper limb and back: Joints of the upper limb.

Question 1

What are the three types of joints in the upper limb?

Answer 1

-Fibrous joint
-Cartilaginous joint
-Synovial joint

Question 2

What are the two types of fibrous joints?

Answer 2

-Gomphosis
-Syndesmosis

Question 3

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?

Answer 3

-Primary cartilaginous joints (Synchondrosis)
-Sec. cartilaginous joint (symphysis)

Question 4

What are the six types of synovial joint?

Answer 4

-Ball and socket
-Hinge
-Saddle
-Pivot
-Plane
-Condylar

Question 5

Give an example for each of the synovial joints.

Answer 5

Plane- Acromioclavicular joint.
Saddle- Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.
Condylar- Btwn the radius and carpal bone.
Ball and socket- Glenohumeral joint
Hinge- Elbow joint.
Pivot- Btwn C1 and C2 vertebrae.

Question 6

Which synovial joints are uni-axial, bi-axial and multi-axial?

Answer 6

Uni-axial: Hinge and pivot.
Bi-axial: Saddle and condylar.
Multi-axial: Plane and ball-and-socket.

Question 7

What are the structural and functional classifications of the sternoclavicular joint and which movements can it perform?

Answer 7

-Structural classification: Synovial saddle joint
-Functional classification: Synovial ball-and-socket joint
-Movements:
-Depression and elevation
-Protraction and retraction
-Axial rotation