Abdomen: 3.3 and 3.4 Flashcards
What is the difference between the intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal organs?
Intraperitoneal organs are organs that are invaginated inside the peritoneum while retroperitoneal organs are organs that are found behind the peritoneum.
What is a mesentery and what is its role?
Double layer of peritoneum which attaches the visceral organ to the posterior abdominal wall, it serves as a passage for the neurovascular structures to the organ.
What is an omentum?
Double layer of peritoneum that attaches the stomach to other abdominal organs.
What do the lesser and greater omentum attach?
Lesser omentum- Stomach and liver.
Greater omentum- Stomach to the transverse colon.
Name the two ligaments found in the lesser omentum.
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Hepatogastric/gastrohepatic ligament
Explain the innervation of the peritoneum. (3)
-Phrenic nerve: inf. diaphragmatic peritoneum (central)
-Intercostal and subcostal nn. (T7-T12)
-Branches: T7-T12 & L1 for the parietal peritoneum
What are the four gutters of the abdominal cavity?
-Right and left paracolic gutters.
-Right and left infracolic gutters
What are the peritoneal recesses we have?
-Omental bursa
-Duodenal recess
-Caecal recesses:
-Superior ileocaecal
-Inferior ileocaecal
-Retrocaecal
-Intersigmoidal recess
What are the ant. borders of the omental bursa (omental sac)?
-Ant. part of the greater omentum.
-Lesser omentum
-Liver
-Stomach
What are the post. borders of the omental bursa?
-Post. part of the greater omentum.
-Retroperitoneal structures
-Transverse mesocolon
-Transverse colon
-Diaphragm
What is the opening found between the greater and lesser sac?
Omental foramen
What are the borders of the omental foramen?
ANT: Free border of the lesser omentum which has the hepatoduodenal ligament which covers the portal triad, i.e The hepatic portal vein, proper hepatic artery and common bile duct.
POST: IVC and right crus of diaphragm
SUP: Caudate lobe of the liver.
INF: 1st part of duodenum
What are the requirements for retroperitoneal organs?
-The peritoneum should be anterior to them only.
-Should be found btwn the parietal peritoneum and the post. abdominal wall.
-Should not be suspended by the mesentery.
What are the retroperitoneal organs of the andomen?
SADPUCKER
-Suprarenal glands
-Aorta/IVC
-Duodenum (2nd-4th parts)
-Pancreas (Head, neck and body)
-Ureters
-Colon (Ascending and descending)
-Kidneys
-Esophagus
-Rectum
Requirements for intraperitoneal organs?
-Should be suspended by the mesentery.
-Reside within the peritoneal cavity.
