Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y2 Anatomy > Upper limb > Flashcards

Upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

What happens to the radius and ulna during supination and pronation

A

Radius move over ulna during pronation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 factors that stabilise the joints

A

Congruency - how well the joint fits in the articulating bone
Muscle tone
ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name A-H

A

A- trapezius
B- latissimus dorsi
C- levator scapulae
D- rhomboid minor
E- deltoid
F- Infraspinatus
G- Teres major
H- rhomboid major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Flexion of the shoulder is performed by

A

pectoralis major
anterior deltoid
coracobrachialis
biceps brachii weakly assists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adduction of the shoulder is performed by

A

Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Extension of the shoulder is performed by

A

Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Posterior deltoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Abduction of the shoulder is performed by

A

Deltoid muscle
Supraspinatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What needs to occur for the full abduction of the shoulder

A

the scapula must rotate so that the glenoid fossa faces more superiorly
This prevents greater tubercle of the humerus from impinging on the acromion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What needs to occur for the full adduction of the shoulder

A

The scapula must rotate so that the glenoid fossa faces more inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Innervation of latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Function of latissimus dorsi

A

Extension of the shoulder
Adduction of the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Innervation of rhomboid major and minor

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of rhomboid major and minor

A

Retract the scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Innervation of trapezius

A

CN XI - Accessory nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Function of the trapezius

A

elevate the scapula and rotates it during abduction of the arm (to abduct the arm fully, scapula needs to rotate)
Retract the scapula
Pull the scapula inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name A-F

A

A- deltoid muscle
B- Teres major
C- serratus anterior
D- latissimus dorsi
E- pectoralis minor
F- Pectoralis major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Innervation of deltoid muscle

A

Axillary nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Function of deltoid muscle

A

Abduction 15-90 degrees (0-15 is by suprasinatus)
Flexion and extension of the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which muscle fibres of the deltoid is for abduction of the shoulder

A

Middle fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which muscle fibres of the deltoid is for flexion and extension of the shoulder

A

Flexion - anterior
Extension - posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Innervation of teres major

A

Lower subscapular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Innervation of pectoralis major and minor

A

Major - medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Minor - medial pectoral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

innervation of serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Name A-J

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Name A-D

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where do the rotator cuff muscles insert onto

A

All insert onto greater tuberosity of the humerus EXCEPT subscapularis
Subscapularis - lesser tuberosity of humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Function of supraspinatus

A

Holds the humeral head in glenoid fossa
Initiation of Abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Innervation of supraspinatus

A

suprascapular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which muscle fibres of the deltoid is for flexion and extension of the shoulder

A

Flexion - anterior
Extension - posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Function of infraspinatus

A

Holds the humeral head in glenoid fossa
Lateral rotation of the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Innervation of infraspinatus

A

suprascapular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Function of teres minor

A

Holds the humeral head in glenoid fossa
Lateral rotation of the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Innervation of teres minor

A

Axillary nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Function of subscapularis

A

Holds the humeral head in glenoid fossa
Medial rotation of the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Innervation of subscapularis

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Impingement syndrome most commonly affects ______ and causes ______

A

Most commonly affects supraspinatus
Causes painful arc between 60-120 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Name the bursa of the shoulder

A

Subscapular bursa
Subacromial bursa
Subcoracoid bursa
Subdeltoid bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Name A-M

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Which bursa is the most commonly inflamed

A

Subacromial bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What are the ligaments of the shoulder joint

A

Glenohumeral ligament
Coracohumeral ligament
Coracoacromial ligament
Transverse humeral ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Name A-C

A
42
Q

What injuries may damage the axillary nerve

A

anterior shoulder dislocation
Humeral neck fracture

43
Q

What occurs if axillary nerve is damaged

A

Loss of sensation over regimental badge area
Weakness in abduction of the shoulder

44
Q

Borders of the axilla region

A

Anterior - pectorals major and minor
Posterior - Subscapularis
Medial - serratus anterior
Lateral- intertubecular sulcus

45
Q

What are the contents of the axilla region

A

Brachial plexus
Axillary vein
Axillary artery
Lymph nodes

46
Q

Name A-M

A
47
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

A

Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

48
Q

Origin of the biceps brachii muscle

A

Short head - from coracoid process
long head - from supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

49
Q

Insertion of the biceps brachii muscle

A

Radial tuberosity via biceps tendon

50
Q

Which head of biceps brachii passes through the intertubercular groove of humerus

A

Long head of biceps

51
Q

Biceps tendonitis affects which head of biceps

A

Long head of biceps - due to its movement in the intertubercular groove

52
Q

Function of the anterior muscles of the upper arm

A

Flexion of arm and forearm
Biceps brachii supinates forearm

53
Q

Innervation of anterior muscles of the upper arm

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

54
Q

Name A-F

A

A- subdeltoid bursa
B- long head of biceps brachii
C- Coracobrachialis
D- Biceps brachii
E- brachialis
F- Biceps tendon

55
Q

The intertubercular groove is an attachment site for

A

Long head of biceps (runs along the groove)
Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major

56
Q

Name A-C

A
57
Q

Origin of coracobrachialis

A

coracoid process of the scapula

58
Q

Origin of brachialis

A

Mid shaft of humerus

59
Q

Muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm

A

Triceps brachii - lateral, medial, long head

60
Q

Function of posterior muscle of the arm

A

Extension of arm and forearm

61
Q

Innervation of the posterior muscle of the arm

A

Radial nerve

62
Q

Name A-I

A

A- supraspinatus
B- Teres minor
C- teres major
D- Long head of triceps brachii
E- posterior cutaneous nerve
F- Infraspinatus
G- lateral head of triceps brachii
H- Medial head of triceps brachii
I- brachioradialis

63
Q

Name A-H

A
64
Q

The right subclavian artery is a continuation of
The left subclavian artery is a continuation of

A

Right - brachiocephalic trunk
Left - directly from aortic arch

65
Q

Name A-E

A
66
Q

Name A-G

A

A- axillary artery
B- deltoid muscle
C- pectoralis minor (cut)
D- musculocutaneous nerve
E- Brachial artery
F- Ulnar nerve
G- median nerve

67
Q

Describe the location of the axillary artery

A

In the axilla region, behind the pectoralis minor muscle within the axillary sheath

Axillary sheath surrounds the 3 nerves of brachial plexus and axillary artery

68
Q

What are the arteries that supply the humeral head

A

Anterior and posterior circumflex arteries - branches of the axillary artery

69
Q

Name A-H

A
70
Q

Which nerve of the brachial plexus is behind the axillary artery

A

Axillary nerve

71
Q

Where does brachial artery start from

A

Lower border of teres major

72
Q

1st branch of brachial artery

A

Deep brachial artery - immediately distal to teres major

73
Q

Function of deep brachial artery

A

travels with the radial nerve in the radial groove of the humerus and supplies structures in the posterior aspect of the upper arm

74
Q

Where does the brachial artery bifurcate into radial and ulnar arteries

A

At the cubital fossa

75
Q

Name A-C

A
76
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radials
flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus

77
Q

Name A-E

A

A- pronator teres
B- flexor carpi radialis
C- palmaris longus
D- flexor carpi ulnaris
E- flexor digitorum superficialis (intermediate layer)

78
Q

Where do the anterior superficial forearm muscles all originate from

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus via a common flexor origin

79
Q

What happens when the common flexor origin is damaged due to repetitive strain

A

Medial epicondylitis - Golfer’s elbow

80
Q

Where does flexor carpi radialis attach to

A

base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

81
Q

Where does flexor carpi ulnaris attach to

A

pisiform carpal bone

82
Q

Function of the anterior superficial forearm muscles

A

Flexion of the wrist
Abduction (FCR) and Adduction (FCU)
Pronation - pronator teres

83
Q

What is the intermediate muscle of the anterior forearm

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

84
Q

Where does the flexor digitorum superficialis attach to

A

base of middle phalanges of the 4 fingers

85
Q

Function of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexion of the 4 digits except thumb at PIP and MCP joint
Flexion of the wrist

86
Q

What are the deep anterior muscles of the forearm

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

87
Q

Where does flexor digitorum profundus attach to

A

Base of distal phalanges of the 4 fingers

88
Q

Function of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Flexion of the DIP of the 4 fingers
Flexion of the wrist

89
Q

Where does flexor pollicis longus attach to

A

base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

90
Q

Function of flexor pollicis longus

A

Flexion of the 1st phalanx at all joints

91
Q

Function of pronator quadratus

A

pronates the forearm

92
Q

Name A-M

A
93
Q

Innervation of the anterior muscles of the forearm

A

All median nerve except flexor carpi Ulnaris and MEDIAL half of flexor digitorum profUndUs

94
Q

Innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Ulnar nerve

95
Q

What is the special sign if median nerve is damaged at the elbow or wrist

A

Hand of benediction sign - unable to flex the lateral 3 fingers

96
Q

What injury can damage the ulnar nerve at the wrist

A

Fracture of the hamate

96
Q

What is the special sign of ulnar nerve is damaged at the wrist

A

Claw hand

97
Q

Name A-E

A

A- median nerve
B- Brachial artery
C- Radial artery
D- Ulnar artery
E- Ulnar nerve

98
Q

Name A-H

A
99
Q

Function of serratus anterior

A

Holds the scapula against the ribcage. Retracts the scapula to allow the arms to go above 90 degrees

Y2 Anatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions