Nose and head Flashcards
Name A-G
A- cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
B- medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
C- palatine bone
D- maxilla bone (right)
E- perpendicular plate of ethmoid
F- Vomer
G- septal cartilage
The superior and middle concha are made of
Ethmoid bone
The inferior concha is made of
Its own inferior choncha bone
Name A-J
A- superior concha
B- middle concha
C- perpendicular plate of ethmoid
D- Vomer
E- palatine process of maxilla bone
F- maxillary sinus
G- Inferior meatus
H- inferior concha
I- middle meatus
J- superior meatus
Name A-D
A- frontal sinus
B- ethmoidal sinus
C- maxillary sinus
D- sphenoidal sinus
Which structure drains into the inferior meatus
Nasolacrimal duct
Which structures drain into the superior meatus
posterior ethmoidal air cells
sphenoidal sinus
Drains into the superior meatus via sphenoethmoidal recess
What structures drain into the middle meatus
Frontal sinus
Maxillary sinus
Anterior ethmoidal air cells
Middle ethmoidal air cells
How do the structures drain into the middle meatus
Frontal, maxillary sinuses and anterior ethmoidal air cells drain via semilunar hiatus
Middle ethmoidal air cells drain via ethmoidal bulla
Name A- D
A- sphenoethmoidal recess
B- semilunar hiatus
C- opening of nasolacrimal duct
D- opening of Eustachian tube
What are the openings in the nasal cavity and what structures pass through those openings
Cribiform plate of ethmoid - olfactory nerves
Sphenopalatine foramen - sphenopalatine artery and nasopalatine, superior nasal nerves
Incisive foramen - nasopalatine nerve and greater palatine artery
The arteries on nasal septum forms
Kiesselbach’s plexus
What are the 5 arteries that form the Kiesselbach’s plexus
Anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
Sphenopalatine artery
Greater palatine artery
Septal branch of superior labial artery
Describe the origin of anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
Branches of ophthalmic artery which is a branch of internal carotid artery
Which arteries of the Kiesselbach’s plexus are branches of the maxillary artery
Sphenopalatine artery
Greater palatine artery
Maxillary artery (origin of sphenopalatine and greater palatine arteries) is a branch of
External carotid artery
Facial artery (origin of superior labial artery) is a branch of
External carotid artery
Name A-F
A- anterior ethmoidal artery
B- posterior ethmoidal artery
C- sphenopalatine artery
D- superior labial artery
E- greater palatine artery
F- lateral nasal artery (not part of Kiesselbach)
Which artery of the Kiesselbach’s plexus is the most commonly ligated
Sphenopalatine artery - because it causes posterior bleed which is often heavy and bleeding point cannot be seen
Describe the management of epistaxis
- lean forward with mouth open, pinch cartilaginous part
- If bleeding doesn’t stop and the bleeding point is visible-> nasal cautery
If bleeding doesn’t stop and the bleeding point is not visible -> nasal packing
- if all above fails -> sphenopalatine ligation
Which management of epistaxis requires admission to hospital
Nasal packing
Sphenopalatine ligation
Describe the olfactory pathway
- Receptor cells in olfactory region of nose pass up to the cribriform plate
- Synapse at olfactory bulb
- Then passes to olfactory tract
- then to temporal part of brain and other olfactory areas
Which nerves are responsible for the general sensory of the nasal cavity
Nasopalatine nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Nasopalatine nerve is a branch of
CN V2 - maxillary division of trigeminal
Nasociliary nerve is a branch of
CN V1 - ophthalmic branch of trigeminal
Name A-G
A- foramen ovale
B- Jugular foramen
C- foramen magnum
D- superior orbital fissure
E- foramen rotundum
F- internal acoustic meatus
G- hypoglossal canal
What nerves pass exit the cranium through jugular foramen
CN IX glossopharyngeal
CN X vagus
CN XI accessory
What nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus
Facial nerve
Vestibulocochlear nerve
(Labyrinthine artery)
Name A and B
A- carotid canal
B- groove for middle meningeal artery
What does the carotid canal transmit
Internal carotid artery
Post-synaptic sympathetic fibres that is on the internal carotid artery in order to enter the head
What nerves pass through foramen rotundum
Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve
(from trigeminal ganglion)
What nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure
Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve - frontal, lacrimal, nasociliary branches
Oculomotor
Trochlear nerve
Abducens nerve
What nerves pass through the foramen ovale
Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
Name A-E
A- greater palatine foramen
B- lesser palatine foramen
C- foramen ovale
D- external acoustic foramen
E- stylomastoid foramen
What nerves pass through the stylomastoid foramen
Facial nerve (enters temporal bone via internal acoustic foramen then exit the bone via stylomastoid foramen)
