Upper Limb 1 Flashcards
What is the axilla?
Pyramidal space below the shoulder joint
Provides passageway for vessels and nerves going to and from upper limb
What forms the anterior wall of the axilla?
Pectoralis major and minor
What forms the posterior wall of the axilla?
Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
What forms the medial wall of the axilla?
Thoracic wall and serratus anterior
What forms the lateral wall of the axilla?
Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
When does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?
At the border of the 1st rib
When does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
At inferior border of teres major
What nerves make up the brachial plexus?
C5 to T1
What are the cords named relative to?
Their position relative to the axillary artery
What are the branches of the lateral cord?
Musculocutaneous
Contributions to median nerve
What are branches of the posterior cord?
Axillary and radial
What are branches of the medial cord?
Ulnar and contributions to median
What is Erb’s point?
Point where 4 superficial branches of cervical plexus emerge from behind the muscle
What is Erb’s palsy?
Injury to upper brachial plexus trunk leads to water’s tip appearance (medially rotated, flexed wrist)
Due to fall on shoulder, birth injury etc.
Injury to the lower trunk leads to what?
Klumpke palsy
What is the classical appearance of klumpke palsy?
Claw hand (intrinsic muscles of hand affected)
What are the superficial veins in the arm?
Basilic and cephalic veins
What veins does the subclavian vein give rise to?
Cephalic vein and axillary vein
What does the axillary vein give rise to?
Basilic and brachial veins
What two veins have a shunt between them called the median cubital vein?
Basilic and cephalic
What two veins give rise to the dorsal venous network on the hand?
Cephalic and basilic veins
Define dermatome
Area of skin supplied by a single spinal segment
All lymphatic vessels from the upper limb drain into which nodes?
Axillary lymph nodes
What are the groups of axillary lymph nodes?
Anterior/pectoral Posterior/subscapular Apical Central Lateral
Where does the lateral breast tissue drain into?
Axillary lymph nodes
Where does the medial breast tissue drain into?
Internal thoracic lymph nodes
What is the pectoral girdle?
Set of bones that connect the upper limbs to the axial skeleton
What are the important bony prominences on the clavicle?
Sternal and acromial ends
Medial and lateral convexity
Conoid tubercle
What is the conoid tubercle a site of attachment for?
Conoid ligament (binds clavicle to coracoid process of scapula)
How is the clavicle commonly broken?
Falling on outstretched arm
What kind of joint is the sternoclavicular?
Synovial saddle
What kind of joint is the acromioclavicular?
Synovial plane
