Upper GI Tract - Stomach and Oesophagus Flashcards
What are the 3 gastric glands present in gastric pits of stomach on luminal surface
Mucous
Parietal - HCL + intrinsic factor
Chief cells - pepsinogen
What is saliva made up of
Water Mucins Amylase Electrolytes Lysozyme
What are the three glands which secrete saliva
Submandibal
Submandibular
Parotid
What are the types of secretion
Mucous
Serous - proteolytic
Mixed
What does para stimulate
Facial and glossopharyngeal
Watery saliva
What does sympa stimulate
Splanchnic nerves
Small volume viscous saliva
High mucous due to adrenaline on A1
High amylase due to B2
What is the saliva reflex
Food sets of chemoreceptors feed into ENS
Stimulates reflex contraction of pharyngeal muscles
Co-ordinated by swallowing centre in medulla
Soft palate closes of nasopharynx
Upper sphincter relaxes
Epiglottis covers the opening to larynx
Persitaltic contraction push bolus towards stomach
UOS contracts to prevent reflux
LOS relaxes
What happens when bolus enters stomach
Vagal reflex causes relaxation of gastric fundus
Body increases without change in pressure due to rugae
What causes heartburn
Gastric acid and pepsin irritates oesophagus if LOS doesn’t contract
What happens during inspiration
Intra-pleural pressure falls and acid can be drawn into oesophagus if LOS not contracted
What is the function of intrinsic factor
Absorb B12
What is produced in the Antrum of the stomach
Gastrin hormone
