Upper GI, stomach, and Epithelial tissues Quiz

Question 1

Peritoneal space

Answer 1

The space in between parietal and visceral

Question 2

Deglutition

Answer 2

Moves controlled amounts of food toward the throat to be swallowed

Question 3

Chyme

Answer 3

Chewed up food broken down into creamy fluid mixture of food and gastric juices. It is slowly released from the stomach into the small intenstine for further digestion.

Question 4

Stomach

Answer 4

Food undergoes chemical and mechanical digestion

Question 5

Practice labeling:
- peritoneum stuff on page 353
- Wall lining on pg 354
- Mouth on pg. 356
- Tooth on pg. 356
- Stomach on pg. 357
- Salivary Glands pg. 360

Question 6

Ingestion

Answer 6

Food is taken in through the mouth

Question 7

Pharynx
- Other name
- Three parts of it

Answer 7

• Commonly known as the throat
• Oropharynx(oral), Nasopharynx(nasal),Laryngopharynx(larynx)

Question 8

How many layers of smooth muscle does the stomach have?

Answer 8

3

Question 9

Salivary amylase

Answer 9

Enzyme that initiates carb digestion and breaks down starch into sugars found in the mouth

Question 10

Function of the digestive system and what does it consist of?

Answer 10

Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food and the absorption of nutrients. It consists of the alimentary canal and the accessory organs

Question 11

Parietal peritoneum

Answer 11

lines the abdominopelvic cavity

Question 12

3 main portions of the stomach

Answer 12

Fundus, body, pylorus

Question 13

Enamel

Answer 13

Hard outer surface of the tooth

Question 14

Posterior molars

Answer 14

Larger grinding teeth

Question 15

Esophagus

Answer 15

Muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. No digestion happens here but food is lubricated with mucus and peristalsis moves it into the stomach

Question 16

Pulp cavity

Answer 16

The layer under your dentin. That is soft containing blood vessels and nerves

Question 17

How does swallowing work?

Answer 17

The tongue pushes a bolus of food into the throat. Once the food gets there, swallowing occurs involuntarily. At this time, the soft palate and uvula are raised to prevent food and liquid from entering the nasal cavity and the tongue is raised to seal the back of the oral cavity.

Question 18

Peristalsis

Answer 18

A process in which a series of involuntary muscular contractions move food through the digestive tract

Question 19

Tongue

Answer 19

Forms food into a size and shape that can be easily swallowed. Aids in chewing and swallowing. Principal organ of speech.

Question 20

Gingiva

Answer 20

The tissue surrounding a tooth(gums)

Question 21

Pepsin

Answer 21

Enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides in the stomach

Question 22

Visceral peritoneum

Answer 22

“connected to”/ touching the stomach’s wall

Question 23

Parietal cells

Answer 23

The stomach cells that produce HCl

Question 24

Villi
- Definition/Function
- What disease affects villi?

Answer 24

• Finger-like projections that line the inner surface of the small intestine allowing for easy transport of nutrients from the intestines into the blood
• Celiac disease

Question 25

Dysphagia

Answer 25

Difficulty swallowing

Question 26

Lingual Frenulum

Answer 26

Tissue in the mouth that connects the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth

Question 27

Dentin

Answer 27

Layer right under the enamel of the tooth. It is a calcified substance that is harder than bone.

Question 28

Incisors

Answer 28

Cutting teeth that occupy the front of the mouth

Question 29

Fistulated cow

Answer 29

A cow with a passageway connecting the stomach to the outside

Question 30

Gastrin

Answer 30

Hormone produced by G-cells in stomach that stimulate secretion of HCl and pepsinogen

Question 31

Esophageal hiatus

Answer 31

The space that the esophagus passes through to reach the diaphragm before the stomach

Question 32

Bolus

Answer 32

Small portion of chewed food mixed with saliva

Question 33

Mixing movements

Answer 33

Mixes food with digestive juices

Question 34

Wisdom teeth

Answer 34

Molars that come in during young adulthood that are often removed because they grow in the wrong way and cause severe pain

Question 35

Sphincter

Answer 35

Circular muscles that close off the stomach to regulate the speed of digestion by regulating the size of an opening

Question 36

Pyloric Sphincter

Answer 36

A muscle between the pylorus and small intestine which regulates the exit of gastric contents

Question 37

Root canal on a diagram

Answer 37

The deep roots of your tooth

Question 38

Absorption

Answer 38

The transfer of nutrients from the digestive tract to the circulation

Question 39

Where does the digestive tract tube begin and where does it end?

Answer 39

The mouth and the anus

Question 40

Saliva

Answer 40

Lubricates food making it easier to swallow and chew. Also helps keep teeth and mouth clean. It helps reduce bacterial growth.

Question 41

Practice review games on classroom

Question 42

Functions of the mouth

Answer 42

- Ingestion - Breaks food into small portions by mastication - Mixes food with saliva - Deglutition

Question 43

Deciduous teeth

Answer 43

Baby teeth

Question 44

Soft palate

Answer 44

Lower roof of mouth closer to your esophagus

Question 45

Peritoneum - Definition - Function

Answer 45

- thin, shiny membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity. It folds back to cover most organs contained with the cavity. - It allows the organs to slide over each other as they function

Question 46

Three main functions of the digestive system

Answer 46

Digestion, Absorption, Elimination

Question 47

Root canal procedure

Answer 47

Repairs and saves a bad tooth without removing it

Question 48

Gastric juices

Answer 48

Found in the stomach; hydrochloric acid and pepsin

Question 49

What are ways that the stomach protects itself?

Answer 49

- A thick mucus layer lines the stomach wall and prevents the stomach from digesting itself - Damaged epithelial cells are replaced quickly - Pepsinogen is not active until HCl is present

Question 50

Cuspids aka canines

Answer 50

Across from the incisors; used for tearing food

Question 51

Epiglottis

Answer 51

Covers the opening of the larynx

Question 52

Scurvy

Answer 52

Lack of vitamin C and collagen could not be replaced so tissues break down. Symptoms include loss of teeth, bleeding gums, slow-healing wounds, bruising.

Question 53

Innermost to outermost layers of the wall of the digestive tract and functions

Answer 53

- Mucosa- absorption and secretion - Submucosa- blood vessels - Smooth muscle- muscular layer and pushes food - Serosa- lubrication

Question 54

Uvula

Answer 54

Dangly thing in the back of throat that is a fleshy extension hanging from the soft palate

Question 55

Salivary Glands

Answer 55

Produces the first digestive juices and enzymes used in the digestive process as carbs and starches are broken down first

Question 56

Parts of the smooth muscle layer

Answer 56

Typically: - Circular - Longitudinal Sometimes(in the stomach): - Oblique

Question 57

Mastication

Answer 57

The process of chewing

Question 58

Simple tissue

Answer 58

One layer

Question 59

Stratified tissue

Answer 59

Multiple layers

Question 60

Cuboidal; how can you tell on a diagram?

Answer 60

Like a square and the nuclei will be circular

Question 61

Columnar; how can you tell on a diagram?

Answer 61

Long and thin and the nuclei will be long and narrow

Question 62

Squamous; how can you tell on a diagram?

Answer 62

Flat and the nuclei will be a thin straight line