Untitled Deck 2 Flashcards
Common drugs causing malignant hyperthermia?
halothane, suxamethonium, antipsychotics
Mx of malignant hyperthermia?
dantrolene
Massive transfusion complications?
hypothermia, hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, coagulopathy, TRLI
Hypocalcemia in massive transfusion?
FFP and platelets contain citrate anticoagulant which chelates calcium
Midazolam?
short acting benzodiazepine, used for procedural sedation
1st line pain treatment in trigeminal neuralgia?
carbamazepine
1st line pain treatment in diabetic neuropathy?
duloxetine
SOFA score?
scores the severity of sepsis
SOFA score components?
O2%, platelets, bilirubin, GCS, urine output, creatinine, MAP/dopamine/epinephrine
quickSOFA?
GCS<15, RR>22, SBP<100
Non absorbable sutures?
nylon, polypropylene (prolene), polyester (ethibond)
Sensitivity?
proportion of true positives identified by a test
Specificity?
proportion of true negatives correctly identified by a test
Positive predictive value?
proportion of those who have a positive test who actually have the disease
Negative predictive value?
proportion of those who test negative who do not have the disease
Predictive values are dependent on?
the prevalence
Likelihood ratio for a positive test result?
= sensitivity/(1-specificity)
Likelihood ratio for a negative test result?
=(1-sensitivity)/specificity
EER?
rate at which events occur in the experimental group
CER?
rate at which events occur in the control group
Relative risk?
relative risk = EER / CER
RRR?
RRR = (EER - CER) / CER ; calculated by dividing the absolute risk change by the control event rate
Parkland formula?
volume of fluid= total body surface area of the burn % x weight (Kg) x2-4. Half of the fluid in the first 8 hours
A sudden anemia and a LOW reticulocyte count?
indicates parvovirus
Sudden anaemia and high reticulocyte count?
acute sequestration
HIV liver disease?
sclerosing cholangitis
Breast cancer pre menopause treatment?
tamoxifen
Breast cancer post menopause treatment?
anastrazole
Physiological jaundice?
unconjugated bilirubin rise
Pathological jaundice?
conjugated bilirubin rise
Bronchogenic cysts?
anomalous development of ventral foregut
The umbilical arteries are continuous with?
internal iliac arteries
The umbilical vein is continuous with?
the falciform ligament
Pyloric stenosis treatment?
Ramstedt pyloromyotomy
Spondylolisthesis on x ray?
scotty dog appearance
Nimodipine (calcium channel blocker) action?
reduces cerebral vasospasm
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is associated with?
thyroid lymphoma
Medullary breast cancer sign?
lymphocytic infiltrate
When is Inflammatory carcinoma common?
in pregnancy and lactation
Follicular carcinoma sign?
bone metastasis
What thyroid cancer is caused by radiation?
papillary thyroid cancer
Brown tumours?
related to hyperparathyroidism
Background Hashimoto and rapid growth?
lymphoma
Comedo necrosis?
ductal carcinoma in situ
Thyroid ca with increased Tg?
Metastatic or thyroid cancer
Familial thyroid cancer?
medullary
Mucinous carcinoma appearance?
grey gelatinous surface
-sin?
alpha blocker, works faster but has more side effects
Carcinoma of the prostate which lobe?
affects posterior lobe of prostate
BPH prostate lobe?
median lobe
Cystine stones on X ray?
semi-opaque
Urate + xanthine stones x ray?
radio-lucent
