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A&P 2 lecture > unit two lymphatic system > Flashcards

unit two lymphatic system Flashcards

1
Q

the lymphatic system

A

returns fluid leaked from blood vessels back to blood

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2
Q

what are the three parts of the lymphatic system?

A
  1. lymphatics- vessels
  2. lymph- fluid in vessel
  3. lymph nodes- clean the lymph
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3
Q

what do lymphoid tissues and organs do?

A

immune system by housing phagocytic cells and lymphocytes

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4
Q

what are the lymphoid organs and tissues?

A
  • bone marrow
  • thymus
  • lymph nodes
  • tonsils
  • appendex
  • Peyer’s patches
  • spleen
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5
Q

what are the two lymph vessels?

A
  1. lymphatic capillaries -small

2. larger lymphatic vessels

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6
Q

lymphatic capillaries

A
  • blind ended vessels
  • NOT in bones, teeth bone marrow and CNS
  • increased permeability
  • lacteals
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7
Q

what are lacteals

A
  • milky white streaks
  • intestines
  • absorb fats
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8
Q

larger lymphatic vessels

A

Captian (capillaries) -vexes (vessels)-three (trunks)-dudes(ducts)

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9
Q

what are the two lymphatic ducts

A
  1. right lymphatic duct- right upper arm, R head and thorax

2. thoracic duct- everything else

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10
Q

lymph system

A

low-pressure system

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11
Q

what are the mechanisms of lymph transport?

A
  • skeletal muscle pump
  • pressure changes
  • valves
  • pulsation of arteries
  • lymphatic smooth muscle
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12
Q

lymphangitis

A

inflammation of large lymph vessels

appear as painful red lines

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13
Q

lymphedema

A

severe swelling, prevents normal return of lymph to blood

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14
Q

lymphoid cells consist of?

A
  1. immune cells in tissue

2. supporting cells that form lymphoid tissue

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15
Q

lymphocytes

A

adaptive immune system, mature into T or B cells

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16
Q

T cells

A

thymus, young, immune response kills cells

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17
Q

B cells

A

bone marrow, becomes plasma cells to secrete antibodies

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18
Q

macrophages

A

eats pathogens

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19
Q

dendritic cells

A

immune system

20
Q

reticular cells

A

build reticular connective tissue with loose space for fluid

21
Q

what are the two main types of lymphoid tissues

A
  1. diffuse lymphoid tissue

2. lymphoid follicles- germinal centers that proliferate B cells

22
Q

primary lymphoid organs

A

T and B cells mature, bone marrow and thymus

23
Q

secondary lymphoid organs

A

No TAPS

24
Q

where are lymph nodes

A

deep in connective tissue in clusters

25
Q

what are the three regions of lymph nodes

A

inguinal, axillary and cervical

26
Q

what are the two main functions of lymph nodes?

A
  1. cleansing of lymph

2. immune system activation

27
Q

structure of lymph node

A
  • bean shaped
  • capsule
  • trabeculae
28
Q

what are the two regions of the lymph node

A
  1. cortex- contain follicles

2. medulla- chords and sinuses

29
Q

buboes

A

swollen lymph nodes

30
Q

spleen

A

blood rich, left side below stomach

31
Q

functions of spleen

A
  1. proliferation and immune response
  2. clean old blood cells and platelets, remove macrophages and derbis
  3. store breakdown products of rbc’s
  4. store platelets and monocytes
  5. fetal erythrocyte production
32
Q

what are the two components of the spleen?

A
  1. white pulp- immune functions, circular shape

2. red pulp- old blood cells are destroyed, everything else in spleen

33
Q

spleen structure

A

thin capsule, direct blow or infection may cause rupture

34
Q

MALT

A

lymphoid tissues in mucous membranes

35
Q

where is MALT found?

A

mucosa of respiratory tract, genitourinary organs, and digestive tract

36
Q

what are the organs or tissues of MALT?

A
  1. tonsils
  2. Peyer’s patches
  3. Appendix
37
Q

tonsils

A

lymphatic tissue around pharynx, gather and remove pathogens in food or air

38
Q

what are the different types of tonsils and their locations?

A
  1. palatine- throat
  2. lingual- back of tongue
  3. pharyngeal- nasal pharynx
  4. tubal- auditory canal
39
Q

tonsillar crypts

A

white space, invite bacteria to kill

40
Q

Peyer’s Patch

A

wall of distal end of small intestine

41
Q

functions of Peyers patch and Appendix

A
  1. destroy bacteria

2. generate memory lymphocytes

42
Q

appendix

A

part of large intestine, store bacteria

43
Q

thymus

A

bi-lobed, inferior neck that extends over heart

44
Q

thymus functions

A

T cells in childhood to help with immunity

45
Q

what are the two parts of the thymus?

A
  1. cortex

2. medulla- T cells develop

A&P 2 lecture (12 decks)

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