Unit two: Genes and Heredity Flashcards
What would be the genotype of an individual heterozygote with green eyes?
Gg: letters have to be the same and heterotype so one capital letter one lower case letter
What is the expected phenotype of an individual with the genotype gg for the green eye gene?
Blue eyes
What would be the genotype of an individual homozygous recessive for the green eye gene and why?
gg: since the individual is homozygous recessive there should be two recessive alleles (lower case gg). The genotype has to be G or g because we are examining the green eye gene. it will make blue eyes
characteristics of location of eye color alleles on chr of a genotype Gg?
On the same homologue pair, G on 2 sister chromatids of a ds chr and g on the 2 other sister chromatids of a ds chr (the other from the homologous pair)
Name all 7 pillars of life?
Program, Improvisation, seclusion, regeneration, energy, compartmentalization and adaptability
Name all Open stax characteristics of life
Order, homeostasis, reproduction, sensitivity/response to stimuli, growth and development and regulation
Explain ‘Order’
Organisms are very organized and coordinated structures that consists of one or more cells
Explain ‘Sensitivity’
Movements towards are away from a stimuli in living things, like a behavior
Explain ‘Reproduction’
Organisms duplicate their DNA and divide the cells to form two new cells and pass the organism’s characteristics. Problem= does not occur in prokaryotes because no nucleus
Explain ‘Growth and Development’
Genes send instructions for development and ensures that the organism will exhibit many characteristics of its parent
Explain ‘Regulation’
Required mechanism to coordinate internal functions, respond to stimuli and cope with distress form the environment like nutrient transport or blood flow
Explain ‘Homeostasis’
Organisms are able to maintain internal conditions within a narrow range despite environmental changes with homeostasis like electrolyte levels, temperature, killing things we don’t need or want
Explain ‘Program’
Organized plan that describes ingredients and kinetics of interactions (DNA in eukaryotes)
Explain ‘Compartmentalization’
Limited volumes protect the organism from the outside and maintain the concentration and arrangement of the organism.
Explain ‘Improvisation’
changing the program to survive when changes occur in its environment that it can’t control. Mechanism to change the fundamental program like mutation
Explain ‘Adaptability’
Fundamental response of a living thing, behavior response that is a part of the program like getting your hand off a fire
Explain ‘Energy’
Recycled chemicals enter the organism that contains some level of entropy (gradual decline) so it must compensate with a source of energy like the Sun
Explain ‘Regeneration’
Organism will have thermodynamic and kinetic lossed ans the compensation is the regenerative system like resynthesis or birth of an infant
Explain ‘Seclusion’
Privacy between the reactions going on, prevent chemical pathways, makes for higher efficiency
What is your definition of life?
Life regroups all organism that exhibits homeostasis because it enables them to stay alive by killing things that no longer work or we no longer need, it is an organism that can adapt and evolve to changes in environment, have a certain organization, regenerate in anyway (birth or resynthesize) and requires a form of energy to function (sun or nutrients).
