Unit two: Genes and Heredity

Question 1

What would be the genotype of an individual heterozygote with green eyes?

Answer 1

Gg: letters have to be the same and heterotype so one capital letter one lower case letter

Question 2

What is the expected phenotype of an individual with the genotype gg for the green eye gene?

Answer 2

Blue eyes

Question 3

What would be the genotype of an individual homozygous recessive for the green eye gene and why?

Answer 3

gg: since the individual is homozygous recessive there should be two recessive alleles (lower case gg). The genotype has to be G or g because we are examining the green eye gene. it will make blue eyes

Question 4

characteristics of location of eye color alleles on chr of a genotype Gg?

Answer 4

On the same homologue pair, G on 2 sister chromatids of a ds chr and g on the 2 other sister chromatids of a ds chr (the other from the homologous pair)

Question 5

Name all 7 pillars of life?

Answer 5

Program, Improvisation, seclusion, regeneration, energy, compartmentalization and adaptability

Question 6

Name all Open stax characteristics of life

Answer 6

Order, homeostasis, reproduction, sensitivity/response to stimuli, growth and development and regulation

Question 7

Explain ‘Order’

Answer 7

Organisms are very organized and coordinated structures that consists of one or more cells

Question 8

Explain ‘Sensitivity’

Answer 8

Movements towards are away from a stimuli in living things, like a behavior

Question 9

Explain ‘Reproduction’

Answer 9

Organisms duplicate their DNA and divide the cells to form two new cells and pass the organism’s characteristics. Problem= does not occur in prokaryotes because no nucleus

Question 10

Explain ‘Growth and Development’

Answer 10

Genes send instructions for development and ensures that the organism will exhibit many characteristics of its parent

Question 11

Explain ‘Regulation’

Answer 11

Required mechanism to coordinate internal functions, respond to stimuli and cope with distress form the environment like nutrient transport or blood flow

Question 12

Explain ‘Homeostasis’

Answer 12

Organisms are able to maintain internal conditions within a narrow range despite environmental changes with homeostasis like electrolyte levels, temperature, killing things we don’t need or want

Question 13

Explain ‘Program’

Answer 13

Organized plan that describes ingredients and kinetics of interactions (DNA in eukaryotes)

Question 14

Explain ‘Compartmentalization’

Answer 14

Limited volumes protect the organism from the outside and maintain the concentration and arrangement of the organism.

Question 15

Explain ‘Improvisation’

Answer 15

changing the program to survive when changes occur in its environment that it can’t control. Mechanism to change the fundamental program like mutation

Question 16

Explain ‘Adaptability’

Answer 16

Fundamental response of a living thing, behavior response that is a part of the program like getting your hand off a fire

Question 17

Explain ‘Energy’

Answer 17

Recycled chemicals enter the organism that contains some level of entropy (gradual decline) so it must compensate with a source of energy like the Sun

Question 18

Explain ‘Regeneration’

Answer 18

Organism will have thermodynamic and kinetic lossed ans the compensation is the regenerative system like resynthesis or birth of an infant

Question 19

Explain ‘Seclusion’

Answer 19

Privacy between the reactions going on, prevent chemical pathways, makes for higher efficiency

Question 20

What is your definition of life?

Answer 20

Life regroups all organism that exhibits homeostasis because it enables them to stay alive by killing things that no longer work or we no longer need, it is an organism that can adapt and evolve to changes in environment, have a certain organization, regenerate in anyway (birth or resynthesize) and requires a form of energy to function (sun or nutrients).