Test 3, Deck 1

Question 1

In a population of Drosophilia, 910 are dominant wild-type and 90 are the recessive black phenotype. If p=0.7, calculate the frequency of the homozygous dominant phenotype.

Answer 1

0.49

Question 2

In a population of Drosophilia, 910 are dominant wild-type and 90 are the recessive black phenotype. Use the frequency of p and q( q=0.3) to calculate the heterozygous phenotype frequency.

Answer 2

0.42

Question 3

Calculate the frequency of the homozygous dominant phenotype AA 108 Aa 144 aa 48

Answer 3

0.36

Question 4

Calculate the frequency of the homozygous recessive phenotype AA 108 Aa 144 aa 48

Answer 4

0.16

Question 5

Calculate the frequency of the recessive allele AA 108 Aa 144 aa 48

Answer 5

0.4

Question 6

Calculate the frequency of the dominant allele AA 108 Aa 144 aa 48

Answer 6

0.6

Question 7

Calculate the frequency of the dominant phenotype AA 108 Aa 144 aa 48

Answer 7

0.84

Question 8

In sheep, white (W) wool is dominant over black (w). There is 891 white and 9 black. Determine the allele frequency.

Answer 8

0.9=p 0.1=q

Question 9

The ability to taste PTC is dominant to non-tasters. 24% is homozygous taster and 40% is heterozygous taster. What is the frequency of t ?

Answer 9

0.56

Question 10

Random sample of 1000 kernels in a field of corn found 910 yellow (dominant). The recessive is white, find the allele frequencies if it is in equilibirum.

Answer 10

0.3=q 0.7=p

Question 11

At low altitude, frequency of flies inversions have crept upwards, further south, moving into a new location. 30 years ago the flies were 70 miles closer to the equator . What mechanism is it?

Answer 11

Natural selection: change was inherited in response to a change in environment

Question 12

Tibetan mothers that are able to store more oxygen have 0.4 children that die at birth. The low oxygen mothers had 2.5 children that died at birth. This trait was inherited by a single gene. What mechanism is it?

Answer 12

Natural selection: more children that survive, reproductive advantage in high-oxygen, spreading through population

Question 13

Astherosclerosis is a modern age disease. A community has a mutation that prevents them from having it. What mechanism is it?

Answer 13

Mutation, advantageous to the individuals but not necessarly to the offspring so not natural selection

Question 14

Female squirrel now gave birth 18 days earlier than their great-grandmothers. What mechanism is it?

Answer 14

Natural selection: Genetic can account for the change with the environmental cues that also influences the breeding season

Question 15

Polydactyly (extra fingers) found commonly in Amish population in Pennsylvania which was brought by Samuel King and his wife. Passed along to their offspring, more common than in the rest of america. What mechanism is it?

Answer 15

Genetic drift: founder effect

Question 16

All the cattle in Iceland are descended from a small group that was brought to the island. The genetic makeup is now different than the ones in Norway. What mechanism is it?

Answer 16

Genetic drift: small group was introduced to isolated country, suggests founder effect
Natural selection: could have happened especially if the environments are different in both places

Question 17

Two rivers were separated by a canal and a canal opened so that Rio Grande gained 5 fish species and 3 species have spread in the opposite direction. What mechanism is it?

Answer 17

None: new species are added to the river, no evidence that gene pool/ allele frequency of each species has changed, which is the definition of evolution

Question 18

Bacteria has been found that can metabolize nylon. Since bonds involved aren’t found in natural products, enzymes must have arisen. What mechanism is it?

Answer 18

New enzymes- New proteins - new genes, mutation: indicates new gene no information on fitness

Question 19

Although phenotypes were more geographically bound in the premodern world, race is not geographical. One tendency is to marry someone similar. What mechanism is it?

Answer 19

It is not a mechanism of evolution because it doesn’t change allele frequency, but it is non-random mating and it changes the frequency of phenotype and genotype.

Question 20

In generation after generation, individuals were selectively bred. When flies had a strong tendency to fly towards the light, they were used as parents. Their offspring flew towards the light. What selection mode is it?

Answer 20

Directional: one extreme phenotype favored