Test 3, Deck 4 Flashcards
Which of the following will not change allele frequencies in future generations?
Non-random matin, gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection
non-random matin
A horse breeder mates the fastest males and females together. Choose the type of selection: Sexual, stabilizing, disruptive, directional
Directional
Some head lices are now resistant to all commonly used pesticides shampoos. Which is the better explanation?
Some lice carried genes for resistance to the pesticide.
T or F. Only the strongest and healthiest individuals in a population will survive to reproduce.
False
T or F. The more exposed bacteria to antibiotics, the harder they will try to adapt.
False
T or F. Mutation is a random process.
True
A population in equilibrium has 0.50 Aa and 0.29 aa. What percentage will be aa in five generations.
29%
A population in equilibrium has 0.50 Aa and 0.29 aa. What percentage will be aa in the next generation?
29%
By definition, the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell type is in the presence/absence of a A. nucleus. B. plasma membrane. C. chromosomes. D. DNA.
A: bacteria and archea (the prokaryotes) do not keep their DNA within a nucleus.
The process by which mitochondria and chloroplasts probably evolved is called A. exocytosis. B endocytosis. C endosymbiosis. D exosymbiosis.
C: endosymbiosis is when one organism engulfs another but does not consume it. chloroplasts resemble single-celled green algae, mitochondria resemble Rickettsia bacteria. resemblance is based on comparison of genetics, membrane transport systems, mechanism of division, and other characteristics.
The substance that typically provides rigidity to fungal cell walls is A cellulose. B chitin. C peptidoglycan. D glycoproteins.
B : animals do not have cell walls, plants and algae have cellulose in their cell walls, bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan. archeabacteria have cell wall with glycoproteins.
In Drosophila melanogaster the allele for red eye colour (Xw+) is dominant over the allele for white eye colour (Xw). You examine a vial of 100 flies that are all offspring from a single genetic cross. You see only red-eyed females present, but you see both red-eyed and white-eyed males present. The genotypes of the parents were A Xw+Xw+; Xw+Y. B XwXw; Xw+Y. C Xw+Xw; XwY. D Xw+Xw; Xw+Y.
D : if all females have red eyes, the male parent’s X chromosome must have had a wild-type allele.
if both red and white-eye males are among the offspring, then the female must have both the red and white alleles
An individual who is a carrier of a genetically inherited disease
A has the disease, and any of his or her offspring will have the disease.
B does not have the disease but must have a parent with the disease.
C does not have the disease but may have offspring with the disease.
D has the disease and must have a parent with the disease.
C: carriers are heterozygote and sometimes it skips a generation so parents don’t have it for sur
Individuals with three or more copies of each of their chromosomes are called A polyploids. B haploids. C aneuploids. D euploids.
A
Nondisjunction refers to
failure of homologous pairs or sister chromatids to separate during meiosis.
A cell is committed to undergoing mitosis once it transitions from
A G2 to prophase.
B G1 to G0.
C G1 to S.
D to G2.
C, cells only duplicate their DNA(which requires resources and energy) in preparation for cell division.
Certain cell types in humans, such as skeletal muscle cells, have several nuclei per cell. Based on your understanding of mitosis, how could this happen?
A The cell undergoes repeated cytokinesis but not mitosis.
B The cell undergoes repeated mitosis with concomitant cytokinesis.
C The cell undergoes repeated mitosis but not cytokinesis.
D The cell undergoes anaphase twice before entering telophase.
C
If you see a male calico cat, you can be fairly certain that his diploid cells have a sex chromosome combination of
D , since black and orange alleles are on the X chromosomes, only males with 2x chr can be calico.
The key difference between incomplete dominance and codominance is
A with incomplete dominance, the recessive allele cannot be detected; in codominance, the expression of the recessive allele is apparent.
B with incomplete dominance it is possible to detect the expression of a recessive allele; in codominance, both alleles contribute equally to the phenotype.
C with codominance it is possible to detect the expression of a recessive allele; in incomplete dominance, both alleles contribute equally to the phenotype.
D with incomplete dominance, it is possible to detect the expression of the dominant allele; in codominance, both alleles contribute equally to the phenotype.
B
The pigmentation of Labrador retriever coats is subject to epistasis of the B alleles by the e alleles. B (black) is dominant over b (chocolate brown). E (pigment) is dominant over e (no pigment). Given this information, what genotypes give you a yellow (or “golden”) retriever?
eeBB or eeBB: Since E is required to make both the black and brown pigments, ee dogs are golden, regardless of the B alleles
