Unit two: Genes and Heredity Flashcards
In which phase of the cell cycle do the microtubules attach to kinetochores?
prometaphase (spindle fibers attach to kinetochores)
Cells duplication of DNA in which phase?
S-phase / Interphase
The nuclear membrane breaks down in which phase?
prophase and prometaphase
Chromosomes become visible in which phase?
prophase
Cells grow during which phase of the cell cycle ?
Interphase G1 and some final growing in G2
In human karyotype, the first 22 pairs of chr are called autosomes, what is the term for X and Y chr
sexual chromosomes
Homologous chr are
maternal and paternal copies of the same chr (99.9% identical)
Asexually reproducing organisms produce offspring that are genetically identical to each other and the parents. What type of cell division produces daughter cells that are identical to the parents ?
Mitosis (binary fission produces 2 identical cells in prokaryotes)
The process of haploid gametes formed in diploid organism is called
Meiosis
Which element contains genes in mitosis?
Chromosomes
A human containing 44 autosomes and 2X chromosomes is
A somatic cell of a female
A human cell containing 45 autosomes and a normal # of sexual chr is probably…
(2n+1) trisomic
Clearage of the cytoplasm is the main event in this stage
Cytokinesis
A fertilized human ovum(zygote) contains how many chr ?
46 chromosomes
Which cells of the human body are made through the process of meosis ?
Gametes
