Unit Test Ch 9-12

Question 1

What is the definition of a mineral?

Answer 1

Minerals are naturally occurring, organic, crystalline solid, and chemical element or compound.

Question 2

What mineral is made up of one kind of element?

Answer 2

Native Mineral

Question 3

Define Streak Testing Physical Property of Minerals

Answer 3

Uses a porcelain plate, rub against the plate, gives the true color, not the same as physical color

Question 4

Define Luster Testing Physical Property of Minerals

Answer 4

Amount of light and quality of light reflected

Question 5

Define Crystal Shape & Growth Testing Physical Property of Minerals

Answer 5

Microscopic, large, and Accretion or the growth of minerals

Question 6

Define Hardness Testing Physical Property of Minerals

Answer 6

Uses the Molis hardness scale from 1 to 10, diamond is the hardest and Tak is the softest

Question 7

Define Flame Testing Physical Property of Minerals

Answer 7

Uses powder from the mineral, put in a flame and observe the color

Question 8

Define Acid Testing Physical Property of Minerals

Answer 8

Put acid in mineral and see if the mineral dissolves it

Question 9

Define Magnetism Testing Physical Property of Minerals

Answer 9

Place a magnet near the mineral and see if the object magnetizes to the mineral

Question 10

What are the two types of mining?

Answer 10

Deep & Surface mining

Question 11

Definition of a rock

Answer 11

Solid material that are a natural combination of minerals and other substances

Question 12

What is the study of rocks called?

Answer 12

Petrology

Question 13

What are the 3 types of rocks?

Answer 13

Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic

Question 14

What is igneous rock?

Answer 14

Comes from volcanoes and contains silicate minerals

Question 15

What is sedimentary rock?

Answer 15

Made of sediments and accumulates in lakes and oceans

Question 16

What is metamorphic rock?

Answer 16

Started as another rock with chemical and physical changes

Question 17

What is the type of volcanic rock that floats?

Answer 17

Pumice

Question 18

What sedimentary rocks are formed from pebbles, sand, and clay?

Answer 18

Clastic

Question 19

What do you call anything with remains of formerly living organisms?

Answer 19

Fossils

Question 20

Name 3 types of fossils

Answer 20

Organic material, petrified fossils, and microfossils

Question 21

What do fossil fuels include?

Answer 21

Coal & Petroleum

Question 22

What happens when some environmental factor breaks down soil?

Answer 22

Weathering

Question 23

Describe Chemical Weathering

Answer 23

Breaks down rock through chemical change and natural acids are part of the process

Question 24

Describe Mechanical Weathering

Answer 24

Uses big rocks and particles to break down smaller pieces

Question 25

What are two factors that affect mechanical weathering?

Answer 25

Frost heaving and biological weathering

Question 26

What is the most important factor that a geologist deals with?

Answer 26

Gravity

Question 27

What 3 ways does does mass wasting occur?

Answer 27

Gravity, Creep, & Slump

Question 28

What is a large mass of dense ice that flows under the influence of gravity?

Answer 28

Glaciers

Question 29

Where do we find valley glaciers?

Answer 29

Top of mountains

Question 30

Where do we find piedmont glaciers?

Answer 30

Base of mountains

Question 31

Where do we find continental glaciers?

Answer 31

covers most of the continent

Question 32

What are the deposits made from glaciers?

Answer 32

glacial drift

Question 33

What are the 3 types of moraines?

Answer 33

Terminal, lateral, and medial