Science midterm-5&6 Flashcards
True or false: Almost all earthquake foci are shallower than about 670 km into the earth’s interior.
True
True or false: The very heavy mass or weight of standard seismometers and seismographs readily moves as earthquake waves pass by
False
True or false: major faults are most often associated with mountain ranges
True
True or false: All type of rock, when under strain, respond in the same way
False
True or false: Modern seismologists believe that faults and earthquakes are caused by tectonic forces
True
True or false: Most earthquakes are too gentle for people to feel
True
True or false: scientists now have the technology to predict earthquakes and warm people days in advance
False
______ used to express an earthquake’s magnitude
Richter scale
_______ is the energy of an earthquake
Magnitude
_______ is the point of earth’s surface above center of an earthquake activity
Epicenter
________ is the center of earthquake activity
Focus
________ is a body wave that cannot travel through Earth’s core
S wave
________ is the fastest body wave
P wave
_________ is a transform fault
Strike-slip
True or false: an impending earthquake can sometimes be predicted by animals and alter water table levels underground
True
A _______ is an ocean wave caused by an earthquake
Tsunami
True or False: The Richter scale goes from 1-10
False
The Modified Mercalli Scale measures earthquake _______
Damage
Which one of these terms does not belong with the others: modified Mercalli scale, moment magnitude, richter, or Rayleigh
Rayleigh
Which earthquake magnitude scale do geologists use to make reports to the public?
Richter scale
One quake measured 6.0 and another quake measured 7.0 on the Richter scale. How does the second quakes intensity compare with that of the first?
It is about 32 times intense
What type of fault do most secular geologists believe could explain how older fossils were placed above the younger fossils?
Overthrust
Earthquakes are most common along the edges of _______ plates
Tectonic
Rayleigh waves and Love waves are examples of_____
Surface waves
An instrument that both detects and records earth waves is a _______
Seismograph
Secondary smaller earthquakes that result from a major earthquake are called ________
Aftershocks
What is the name of the longest strike-slip in Southern California
San Andreas fault
True or false: a reverse fault is a type of dip-slip fault
True
Most major faults in the U.S. Are found in___
Mountain ranges
The horizontal direction of a fault is its ______
Strike
What is the major difference between a fault and a joint?
Faults involve visible movement of rocks but joints do not
The Analogous Days theory states that:
There was an unknown span of time between Genesis 1:1 and 1:2
The property of a material that allows it to change shape without breaking under stress is _____
Ductility and elasticity
Subduction would most likely be occurring at a ______ boundary
Divergent
What can cause earthquakes?
Slipping of a fault, eruption of volcano, a landslide
True or false: An instrument that simply measures earth waves is a seismometer
True
