Science midterm-5&6 Flashcards

1
Q

True or false: Almost all earthquake foci are shallower than about 670 km into the earth’s interior.

A

True

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2
Q

True or false: The very heavy mass or weight of standard seismometers and seismographs readily moves as earthquake waves pass by

A

False

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3
Q

True or false: major faults are most often associated with mountain ranges

A

True

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4
Q

True or false: All type of rock, when under strain, respond in the same way

A

False

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5
Q

True or false: Modern seismologists believe that faults and earthquakes are caused by tectonic forces

A

True

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6
Q

True or false: Most earthquakes are too gentle for people to feel

A

True

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7
Q

True or false: scientists now have the technology to predict earthquakes and warm people days in advance

A

False

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8
Q

______ used to express an earthquake’s magnitude

A

Richter scale

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9
Q

_______ is the energy of an earthquake

A

Magnitude

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10
Q

_______ is the point of earth’s surface above center of an earthquake activity

A

Epicenter

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11
Q

________ is the center of earthquake activity

A

Focus

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12
Q

________ is a body wave that cannot travel through Earth’s core

A

S wave

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13
Q

________ is the fastest body wave

A

P wave

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14
Q

_________ is a transform fault

A

Strike-slip

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15
Q

True or false: an impending earthquake can sometimes be predicted by animals and alter water table levels underground

A

True

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16
Q

A _______ is an ocean wave caused by an earthquake

17
Q

True or False: The Richter scale goes from 1-10

18
Q

The Modified Mercalli Scale measures earthquake _______

19
Q

Which one of these terms does not belong with the others: modified Mercalli scale, moment magnitude, richter, or Rayleigh

20
Q

Which earthquake magnitude scale do geologists use to make reports to the public?

A

Richter scale

21
Q

One quake measured 6.0 and another quake measured 7.0 on the Richter scale. How does the second quakes intensity compare with that of the first?

A

It is about 32 times intense

22
Q

What type of fault do most secular geologists believe could explain how older fossils were placed above the younger fossils?

A

Overthrust

23
Q

Earthquakes are most common along the edges of _______ plates

24
Q

Rayleigh waves and Love waves are examples of_____

A

Surface waves

25
An instrument that both detects and records earth waves is a _______
Seismograph
26
Secondary smaller earthquakes that result from a major earthquake are called ________
Aftershocks
27
What is the name of the longest strike-slip in Southern California
San Andreas fault
28
True or false: a reverse fault is a type of dip-slip fault
True
29
Most major faults in the U.S. Are found in___
Mountain ranges
30
The horizontal direction of a fault is its ______
Strike
31
What is the major difference between a fault and a joint?
Faults involve visible movement of rocks but joints do not
32
The Analogous Days theory states that:
There was an unknown span of time between Genesis 1:1 and 1:2
33
The property of a material that allows it to change shape without breaking under stress is _____
Ductility and elasticity
34
Subduction would most likely be occurring at a ______ boundary
Divergent
35
What can cause earthquakes?
Slipping of a fault, eruption of volcano, a landslide
36
True or false: An instrument that simply measures earth waves is a seismometer
True