Science midterm-5&6

Question 1

True or false: Almost all earthquake foci are shallower than about 670 km into the earth’s interior.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or false: The very heavy mass or weight of standard seismometers and seismographs readily moves as earthquake waves pass by

Answer 2

False

Question 3

True or false: major faults are most often associated with mountain ranges

Answer 3

True

Question 4

True or false: All type of rock, when under strain, respond in the same way

Answer 4

False

Question 5

True or false: Modern seismologists believe that faults and earthquakes are caused by tectonic forces

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or false: Most earthquakes are too gentle for people to feel

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or false: scientists now have the technology to predict earthquakes and warm people days in advance

Answer 7

False

Question 8

______ used to express an earthquake’s magnitude

Answer 8

Richter scale

Question 9

_______ is the energy of an earthquake

Answer 9

Magnitude

Question 10

_______ is the point of earth’s surface above center of an earthquake activity

Answer 10

Epicenter

Question 11

________ is the center of earthquake activity

Answer 11

Focus

Question 12

________ is a body wave that cannot travel through Earth’s core

Answer 12

S wave

Question 13

________ is the fastest body wave

Answer 13

P wave

Question 14

_________ is a transform fault

Answer 14

Strike-slip

Question 15

True or false: an impending earthquake can sometimes be predicted by animals and alter water table levels underground

Answer 15

True

Question 16

A _______ is an ocean wave caused by an earthquake

Answer 16

Tsunami

Question 17

True or False: The Richter scale goes from 1-10

Answer 17

False

Question 18

The Modified Mercalli Scale measures earthquake _______

Answer 18

Damage

Question 19

Which one of these terms does not belong with the others: modified Mercalli scale, moment magnitude, richter, or Rayleigh

Answer 19

Rayleigh

Question 20

Which earthquake magnitude scale do geologists use to make reports to the public?

Answer 20

Richter scale

Question 21

One quake measured 6.0 and another quake measured 7.0 on the Richter scale. How does the second quakes intensity compare with that of the first?

Answer 21

It is about 32 times intense

Question 22

What type of fault do most secular geologists believe could explain how older fossils were placed above the younger fossils?

Answer 22

Overthrust

Question 23

Earthquakes are most common along the edges of _______ plates

Answer 23

Tectonic

Question 24

Rayleigh waves and Love waves are examples of_____

Answer 24

Surface waves

Question 25

An instrument that both detects and records earth waves is a _______

Answer 25

Seismograph

Question 26

Secondary smaller earthquakes that result from a major earthquake are called ________

Answer 26

Aftershocks

Question 27

What is the name of the longest strike-slip in Southern California

Answer 27

San Andreas fault

Question 28

True or false: a reverse fault is a type of dip-slip fault

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Most major faults in the U.S. Are found in___

Answer 29

Mountain ranges

Question 30

The horizontal direction of a fault is its ______

Answer 30

Strike

Question 31

What is the major difference between a fault and a joint?

Answer 31

Faults involve visible movement of rocks but joints do not

Question 32

The Analogous Days theory states that:

Answer 32

There was an unknown span of time between Genesis 1:1 and 1:2

Question 33

The property of a material that allows it to change shape without breaking under stress is _____

Answer 33

Ductility and elasticity

Question 34

Subduction would most likely be occurring at a ______ boundary

Answer 34

Divergent

Question 35

What can cause earthquakes?

Answer 35

Slipping of a fault, eruption of volcano, a landslide

Question 36

True or false: An instrument that simply measures earth waves is a seismometer

Answer 36

True