Unit IV Section 2 Key Terms

Question 1

Adventitious breath sounds

Answer 1

abnormal breath sounds that occur when air passes through narrowed airways, airways filled with fliud or mucus, or when pleural linings are inflamed

Question 2

apnea

Answer 2

a complete absence of respirations

Question 3

atelectasis

Answer 3

collapse of air sacs

Question 4

auscultation

Answer 4

listening to sounds produced within the body with the a stethoscope

Question 5

bradypnea

Answer 5

abnormally slow respiratory rate

Question 6

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Answer 6

respirations from very deep breathing to shallow breathing with periods of apnea.

Question 7

crackles

Answer 7

air passing through fluid or muscus. sounds like light crackling or bubbling

Question 8

diffusion

Answer 8

mixing of molecules or ions of two or more substances as a result of motion

Question 9

dyspnea

Answer 9

difficult or labored breathing

Question 10

exhalation

Answer 10

breathing out, movement of gases from lungs to atmosphere

Question 11

eupnea

Answer 11

normal breathing

Question 12

gurgles

Answer 12

airways narrowed by bronchospasm or secretions. Sounds like coarse rattling, gurgling. May be cleared by cough

Question 13

hemoptysis

Answer 13

blood in sputum

Question 14

hyperpnea

Answer 14

increased respiratory rate

Question 15

hyperventilation

Answer 15

very deep, rapid respirations

Question 16

hypoventilation

Answer 16

very shallow respirations

Question 17

hypoxia

Answer 17

insufficient oxygen in the body

Question 18

hypoxemia

Answer 18

low saturation of oxyhemoglobin in the arterial blood

Question 19

inspiration

Answer 19

intake of air into the lungs

Question 20

Kussmaul’s respiration

Answer 20

hyperventilation that accompanies metabolic acidosis in which the body trys to compensate by blowing off CO2

Question 21

orthopnea

Answer 21

ability to breathe only when in upright position

Question 22

percussion

Answer 22

body surface is struck to elicit sounds

Question 23

Pleural Friction Rub

Answer 23

inflammed parietal and visceral pleural surfaces rubbing together

Question 24

pulse oximetry

Answer 24

arterial blood oxygen saturation

Question 25

respiration

Answer 25

act of breathing

Question 26

tachypnea

Answer 26

abnormally fast respirations

Question 27

wheeze

Answer 27

air passing through narrowed airways

Question 28

ventilation

Answer 28

movement of air in and out of lungs

Question 29

Potassium

Answer 29

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Question 30

Sodium

Answer 30

135-145 mEq/L

Question 31

Chloride

Answer 31

97-107 mEq/L

Question 32

Calcium

Answer 32

8.2-10.2 mEq/L

Question 33

BUN

Answer 33

8-21 mg/dl

Question 34

RBC- erythrocytes Male- 5.2-5.8 million/mm3 Female- 3.9-5.1 million/mm3

Answer 34

Male- 5.2-5.8 million/mm3 | Female- 3.9-5.1 million/mm3

Question 35

HGB- Hemoglobin

Answer 35

Male- 13.2-17.0 g/dl | Female- 11.7-15.5 g/dl

Question 36

HCT-hematocrit

Answer 36

Male-38-51% | Female-33-45%

Question 37

ESR- erythrocytes sedimentation rate

Answer 37

Rate rbc settle in unclotted blood. | Increased in infections,inflammatory process,tissue damage(fall faster).

Question 38

WBC- leukocytes

Answer 38

Bodies defense system- fight infection Respond immediately to foreign bodies. 4500-11000/mm3

Question 39

Never let monkey eat bananas

Answer 39

``` Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils ```

Question 40

Basophils

Answer 40

0-3% | Increase during healing process

Question 41

Eosinophils

Answer 41

0-8% | Increase in allergic reactions; can increase with parasite infestation

Question 42

Monocytes

Answer 42

4-11% | 2nd line defense; respond to bacterial infection

Question 43

Lymphocytes

Answer 43

16-46% | Increase in virial infection& chronic infection

Question 44

Neutrophils

Answer 44

45-75% | First line defense; respond to injury& acute bacterial infection

Question 45

Platelet

Answer 45

150,000-450,000/mm3 | Function in blood to promote coagulation

Question 46

PT- Prothrombin Time

Answer 46

Measure clotting time; measure effectiveness of Coumadin anticoagulant therapy. Higher # the longer the time to clot.

Question 47

PTT- Partial Thromboplastin Time

Answer 47

Measure Heprin anticoagulant therapy, higher the# longer the time to clot.

Question 48

Cholesterol

Answer 48

<200 desirable 200-139 moderate 240mg/dl high risk Used to indicate coronary artery disease. Manufactured frm sat. fats.

Question 49

LDL-low density

Answer 49

LDL is lousy, <100 good. | Contributes to atherosclosis

Question 50

HDL- high density lipids

Answer 50

HDL is healthy > 60 good. neg factor for CAD, helps remove LDL