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NSG 1100 > Unit IV: Cardiovascular Diagnostic Studies/Lab Values > Flashcards

Unit IV: Cardiovascular Diagnostic Studies/Lab Values Flashcards

1
Q

What three lab values have different value ranges for men and women?

A

RBC, HCT (Hematocrit), Hgb (Hemoglobin)

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2
Q

The physician orders a CBC w/ diff. What values will the laboratory send?

A

RBC, HCT, Hgb, WBC, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils.

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3
Q

What is the normal range of RBC count for men?

A

5.2-5.8

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4
Q

What is the normal range of RBC count for women?

A

3.9-5.10

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5
Q

What does RBC measure?

A

Number of Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes) per millimeter cubed of blood.

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6
Q

What give blood its red color?

A

HGB- Hemoglobin

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7
Q

What is the normal range of hemoglobin for men?

A

13.2-17.3 g/dl

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8
Q

What is the normal range of hemoglobin for women?

A

11.7-15.5 g/dl

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9
Q

What does HGB(hemoglobin) need to be produced?

A

Iron and protein.

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10
Q

What are the lab values of HGB (Hemoglobin) often used to determine?

A

Blood loss, anemia, and O2 carrying capacity.

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11
Q

What must be assessed when considering the HCT(Hematocrit) of a patient?

A

Hydration status, patients must be well hydrated.

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12
Q

What does HCT(Hematocrit) define?

A

% of RBC in the plasma.

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13
Q

What is the normal range of HCT for men?

A

38-51%

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14
Q

What is the normal range of HCT for women?

A

33-45%

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15
Q

What laboratory value assesses the rate at which RBC settle in unclotted blood?

A

ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)

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16
Q

An increase in ESR is indicative of what?

A

Infection, Inflammation, Tissue Damage

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17
Q

What is the function of platelets?

A

Promote coagulation.

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18
Q

What are the normal platelet count ranges?

A

150,000-450,000/mm3

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19
Q

What does PT (Prothrombin Time) measure?

A

Measures effectiveness of Coumain anti-coagulation therapies.

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20
Q

A PT(Prothrombin Time) comes back elevated, what does this mean?

A

The blood will take longer to clot.

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21
Q

The PT(Prothrombin Time) comes back at a low level, what does this mean?

A

The blood will take less time to clot, or clot faster.

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22
Q

What does PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time) help monitor?

A

Monitors Heparin anti-coagulation therapies.

23
Q

A PTT(Parial Thromboplastin Time) comes back elevated. What does this mean?

A

The blood will take longer to clot.

24
Q

The PTT(Partial Thromboplastin Time) comes back low. What does this mean?

A

The blood will take less time to clot, it will clot faster.

25
Q

What does PTT(Partial Thromboplastin Time) measure?

A

Measures clotting time.

26
Q

What electrolyte is essential for neuromuscular and cardiac function?

A

Potassium (K)

27
Q

What electrolyte is essential for fluid balance, and regulates acid-base balance?

A

Sodium (Na)

28
Q

What are the normal Potassium (K) levels?

A

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

29
Q

What are the normal Sodium (Na) levels?

A

135-145 mEq/L

30
Q

What electrolyte combines with chloride and bicarbonate ions to regulate acid-base balance?

A

Sodium (Na)

31
Q

What is the normal Chloride (Cl) level?

A

97-107 mEq/L

32
Q

What electrolyte is essential for transmission of nerve impulses and contraction of cardiac and skeletal muscles?

A

Calcium (Ca)

33
Q

What are the normal Calcium (Ca) levels?

A

8.2-10.2 mg/dL

34
Q

Cholesterol is considered a _______.

A

Lipid

35
Q

A Cholesterol level of __________ is considered desirable.

A

<200 mg/dL

36
Q

A Cholesterol level of __________ is considered moderate risk.

A

200-239 mg/dL

37
Q

A Cholesterol level of __________ is considered high risk.

A

> 240 mg/dL

38
Q

How is cholesterol manufactured?

A

Manufactured from saturated fats in the diet.

39
Q

What is high cholesterol indicative of?

A

CAD (Coronary Artery Disease)

40
Q

What are the two types of lipids?

A

Low Density Lipid (LDL)

High Density Lipid (HDL)

41
Q

LDL is the ____/_____ lipid

A

lousy/lethal

42
Q

A LDL greater than ______ is a contributing factor to atherosclerosis.

A

> 100 mg/dL

43
Q

A HDL greater than ______ is considered healthy, and a negative factor for CAD.

A

> 60 mg/dL

44
Q

A normal serum triglyceride level is:

A

<150 mg/dL

45
Q

Where do serum triglycerides come from?

A

Fats and oils come from animal fat and vegetable oils.

46
Q

What do serum triglycerides contribute to?

A

LDL

47
Q

What lab value is used to determine the presence of infection?

A

WBC-White Blood Cell Count

48
Q

What is the normal value for WBC?

A

4,500-11,000/mm3

49
Q

List the types of WBC’s in order from most abundant to least abundant.

A 
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils.
50
Q

What is the function of Neutrophils?

A

1st line of defense, respond to tissue injury and acute bacterial infections.

51
Q

What is the specialty of Lymphocytes?

A

Increase in viral infections and chronic infections.

52
Q

What is the specialty of Monocytes?

A

2nd line of defense, responding to bacterial infection.

53
Q

What is the specialty of Eosinophils?

A

Increase during allergic reactions, or parasitic infections.

54
Q

What is the specialty of Basophils?

A

Increase during healing process.

NSG 1100 (22 decks)

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