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NSG 1100 > Unit IV (Respiratory Assessment) > Flashcards

Unit IV (Respiratory Assessment) Flashcards

1
Q

A function of the respiratory system is exchange of _______ between ______ & atmosphere.

A

gases

body

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2
Q

A function of the respiratory system is to _____, _______, and _______ air as it enters the body.

A

warm, moisten, and filter

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3
Q

A function of the respiratory system is to maintain ____-____ balance.

A

acid-base

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4
Q

A function of the respiratory system is aid in _____.

A

speech

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5
Q

Is Carbon Dioxide acidic or basic?

A

Acidic

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6
Q

Is Oxygen acidic or basic?

A

Basic

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7
Q

The left lung has __ lobes.

A

2

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8
Q

The right lung has __ lobes.

A

3

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9
Q

Where is the apex of the lung?

A

Top of the lung.

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10
Q

Where is the base of the lung?

A

Bottom of the lung.

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11
Q

Which pleura covers the lungs?

A

Visceral Pleura

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12
Q

Which pleura covers the wall of the thoracic cavity?

A

Parietal Pleura

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13
Q

Is intrapleural pressure negative or positive?

A

Negative.

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14
Q

Where are alveoli located?

A

End of bronchioles.

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15
Q

What surrounds the alveoli?

A

Capillaries

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16
Q

How is gas exchanged between the alveoli and capillaries?

A

Diffusion.

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17
Q

List the normal range of respirations.

A

12-20

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18
Q

Define Bradypnea.

A

Respirations less than 12.

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19
Q

Define Tachypnea

A

Respirations greater than 20.

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20
Q

Define Apnea

A

Absence of respirations.

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21
Q

Irregular, rapid, and difficult respirations are termed:

A

Dyspnea.

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22
Q

Normal respirations are termed:

A

Eupnea

23
Q

Requiring an upright sitting position to breath easily is termed:

A

Orthopnea.

24
Q

An inadequate amount of O2 available to the cells is termed:

A

Hypoxia.

25
Q

What are the possible causes of hypoxia?

A

1) Decreased tissue perfusion.

2) Decreased oxygenation in the lungs.

26
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of hyoxia?

A

Pallor-Cyanosis
Increase in BP, P, Resp.
Dyspnea
Anxiety & Restlessness.

27
Q

What would the nurse look for in a patient to identify long-term hypoxia?

A

Clubbing of fingers.

28
Q

What measures percentage of oxygen saturating hemoglobin? (NONINVASIVE)

A

Pulse Oximetry

29
Q

The nurse obtains a pulse oximetry reading of 92%. Is this within normal range?

A

No, Pulse Oximetry should read greater than or equal to 95%.

30
Q

What is COCA? What does it describe?

A

Color
Odor
Consistency
Amount

–Used to describe sputum.

31
Q

The patient provides a blood tinged sputum specimen.. This termed-

A

hemoptysis

32
Q

The patient provides a clear foamy white sputum specimen. The nurse acknowledges the color to be:

A

Normal

33
Q

The patient provides a yellow/green tinged sputum specimen. The nurse identifies this sputum as:

A

Purulent.

34
Q

The hydration status of a patient may be evidenced by the ________ of the sputum.

A

Consistency.

35
Q

ABG’s assess ________ blood.

Oxygenated, deoxygenated

A

Oxygenated.

36
Q

ABG’s reflect the ___/___ balance of the blood.

A

Acid/Base

37
Q

The normal range of pH for blood is:

A

7.35-7.45

38
Q

What lab value determines the amount of oxygen available in the blood to bind with hemoglobin?

A

PO2 (Partial Pressure of Oxygen)

39
Q

What lab value determines the amount of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood?

A

PCO2 (Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide)

40
Q

What is the normal lab value for PO2?

A

80-95 mmHg

41
Q

What is the normal lab value for PCO2?

A

35-45 mmHg?

42
Q

The patient has PCO2 value of 48mmHg. What would the nurse expect the patient to be doing?

A

Hypo-ventilating: too much CO2 build up in the blood.

43
Q

The patient has a PCO2 value of 32. What would the nurse expect the patient to be doing?

A

Hyper-ventilating: CO2 is being expired too much.

44
Q

What lab value serves to buffer pH of the blood?

A

HCO3 (Serum Bicarbonate)

45
Q

What is the normal range of HCO3?

A

22-29mEq/L

46
Q

What diagnostic test measures lung volume and capacity?

A

PFT (Pulmonary Function Test)

47
Q

The patient has asthma and bronchitis. What type of defects are these? (Obstructive or Restrictive)

A

Obstructive

48
Q

The patient is morbidly obese, and has muscle dystrophy. What type of defects are these?
(Obstructive or Restrictive)

A

Restrictive

49
Q

The patient is scheduled for a Lung Scan and asks how the radioactive substance will enter his system. How does the nurse respond.

A

Radioactive substance will will either be given orally, IV, or inhalation.

50
Q

“Hot Spots” on a lung scan are indicative of _______ ______.

A

Diseased Tissue

51
Q

What is the benefit of an MRI over a CT scan?

A

MRI is able to clearly visualize through bone, while CT scans have trouble clearly visualizing through the bone.

52
Q

The patient is scheduled for a bronchoscopy, and voices anxiety about being awake during the procedure and the scope being passed through their throat. How would the nurse respond?

A

Explain that patients will be given anesthesia and a numbing spray is often used to prevent pain during insertion of the scope.

53
Q

What can be done during a bronchoscopy is abnormal tissues are identified?

A

Biopsies can be taken during the bronchoscopy.

NSG 1100 (22 decks)

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