Unit IV (Respiratory Assessment)

Question 1

A function of the respiratory system is exchange of _______ between ______ & atmosphere.

Answer 1

gases

body

Question 2

A function of the respiratory system is to _____, _______, and _______ air as it enters the body.

Answer 2

warm, moisten, and filter

Question 3

A function of the respiratory system is to maintain ____-____ balance.

Answer 3

acid-base

Question 4

A function of the respiratory system is aid in _____.

Answer 4

speech

Question 5

Is Carbon Dioxide acidic or basic?

Answer 5

Acidic

Question 6

Is Oxygen acidic or basic?

Answer 6

Basic

Question 7

The left lung has __ lobes.

Answer 7

2

Question 8

The right lung has __ lobes.

Answer 8

3

Question 9

Where is the apex of the lung?

Answer 9

Top of the lung.

Question 10

Where is the base of the lung?

Answer 10

Bottom of the lung.

Question 11

Which pleura covers the lungs?

Answer 11

Visceral Pleura

Question 12

Which pleura covers the wall of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 12

Parietal Pleura

Question 13

Is intrapleural pressure negative or positive?

Answer 13

Negative.

Question 14

Where are alveoli located?

Answer 14

End of bronchioles.

Question 15

What surrounds the alveoli?

Answer 15

Capillaries

Question 16

How is gas exchanged between the alveoli and capillaries?

Answer 16

Diffusion.

Question 17

List the normal range of respirations.

Answer 17

12-20

Question 18

Define Bradypnea.

Answer 18

Respirations less than 12.

Question 19

Define Tachypnea

Answer 19

Respirations greater than 20.

Question 20

Define Apnea

Answer 20

Absence of respirations.

Question 21

Irregular, rapid, and difficult respirations are termed:

Answer 21

Dyspnea.

Question 22

Normal respirations are termed:

Answer 22

Eupnea

Question 23

Requiring an upright sitting position to breath easily is termed:

Answer 23

Orthopnea.

Question 24

An inadequate amount of O2 available to the cells is termed:

Answer 24

Hypoxia.

Question 25

What are the possible causes of hypoxia?

Answer 25

1) Decreased tissue perfusion. | 2) Decreased oxygenation in the lungs.

Question 26

What are the signs/symptoms of hyoxia?

Answer 26

Pallor-Cyanosis Increase in BP, P, Resp. Dyspnea Anxiety & Restlessness.

Question 27

What would the nurse look for in a patient to identify long-term hypoxia?

Answer 27

Clubbing of fingers.

Question 28

What measures percentage of oxygen saturating hemoglobin? (NONINVASIVE)

Answer 28

Pulse Oximetry

Question 29

The nurse obtains a pulse oximetry reading of 92%. Is this within normal range?

Answer 29

No, Pulse Oximetry should read greater than or equal to 95%.

Question 30

What is COCA? What does it describe?

Answer 30

Color Odor Consistency Amount --Used to describe sputum.

Question 31

The patient provides a blood tinged sputum specimen.. This termed-

Answer 31

hemoptysis

Question 32

The patient provides a clear foamy white sputum specimen. The nurse acknowledges the color to be:

Answer 32

Normal

Question 33

The patient provides a yellow/green tinged sputum specimen. The nurse identifies this sputum as:

Answer 33

Purulent.

Question 34

The hydration status of a patient may be evidenced by the ________ of the sputum.

Answer 34

Consistency.

Question 35

ABG's assess ________ blood. | Oxygenated, deoxygenated

Answer 35

Oxygenated.

Question 36

ABG's reflect the ___/___ balance of the blood.

Answer 36

Acid/Base

Question 37

The normal range of pH for blood is:

Answer 37

7.35-7.45

Question 38

What lab value determines the amount of oxygen available in the blood to bind with hemoglobin?

Answer 38

PO2 (Partial Pressure of Oxygen)

Question 39

What lab value determines the amount of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood?

Answer 39

PCO2 (Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide)

Question 40

What is the normal lab value for PO2?

Answer 40

80-95 mmHg

Question 41

What is the normal lab value for PCO2?

Answer 41

35-45 mmHg?

Question 42

The patient has PCO2 value of 48mmHg. What would the nurse expect the patient to be doing?

Answer 42

Hypo-ventilating: too much CO2 build up in the blood.

Question 43

The patient has a PCO2 value of 32. What would the nurse expect the patient to be doing?

Answer 43

Hyper-ventilating: CO2 is being expired too much.

Question 44

What lab value serves to buffer pH of the blood?

Answer 44

HCO3 (Serum Bicarbonate)

Question 45

What is the normal range of HCO3?

Answer 45

22-29mEq/L

Question 46

What diagnostic test measures lung volume and capacity?

Answer 46

PFT (Pulmonary Function Test)

Question 47

The patient has asthma and bronchitis. What type of defects are these? (Obstructive or Restrictive)

Answer 47

Obstructive

Question 48

The patient is morbidly obese, and has muscle dystrophy. What type of defects are these? (Obstructive or Restrictive)

Answer 48

Restrictive

Question 49

The patient is scheduled for a Lung Scan and asks how the radioactive substance will enter his system. How does the nurse respond.

Answer 49

Radioactive substance will will either be given orally, IV, or inhalation.

Question 50

"Hot Spots" on a lung scan are indicative of _______ ______.

Answer 50

Diseased Tissue

Question 51

What is the benefit of an MRI over a CT scan?

Answer 51

MRI is able to clearly visualize through bone, while CT scans have trouble clearly visualizing through the bone.

Question 52

The patient is scheduled for a bronchoscopy, and voices anxiety about being awake during the procedure and the scope being passed through their throat. How would the nurse respond?

Answer 52

Explain that patients will be given anesthesia and a numbing spray is often used to prevent pain during insertion of the scope.

Question 53

What can be done during a bronchoscopy is abnormal tissues are identified?

Answer 53

Biopsies can be taken during the bronchoscopy.