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Science 10 AP > Unit D: Section 1.0 > Flashcards

Unit D: Section 1.0 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the Biosphere?

A

A relatively thin layer of Earth that has conditions for supporting life

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2
Q

What are the 3 components of the Biosphere?

A
  • Atmosphere
  • Lithosphere
  • Hydrosphere
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3
Q

What atmosphere?

A

The layer of gasses that surround Earth

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4
Q

What is the Lithosphere?

A

The solid portion of the Earth

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5
Q

What is the Lithosphere composed of?

A
  • Rocks
  • Minerals
  • Elements
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6
Q

What is the Hydrosphere?

A

All the water on earth present in any state

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7
Q

Where are living things found in the Biosphere?

A

All parts of the Biosphere

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8
Q

What are the environmental conditions created by?

A

By the interactions between the components and the incoming energy from the sun

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9
Q

How high does the atmosphere rise from the surface of the earth?

A

500 Km

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10
Q

What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen (78%)

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11
Q

What is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

A

Oxygen (21%)

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12
Q

Is water vapour apart of the hydrosphere or the atmosphere?

A

Hydrosphere

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13
Q

What is atmospheric dust?

A

Varying amounts of suspended particulate matter

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14
Q

What can atmospheric dust contain?

A
  • Non-living particles

- Living particles

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15
Q

What do the “other gasses” contain in the atmosphere?

A
  • Argon
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Neon
  • Helium
  • Methane
  • Krypton
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16
Q

What is Nitrogen required for?

A

Plant Growth

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17
Q

How do bacteria and Nitrogen interact?

A

Bacteria converts nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds that can be taken up for plants

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18
Q

What does nitrogen do in the atmosphere?

A

Help control the amount of combustion that takes place because nitrogen gas does not support combustion

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19
Q

How many layers does the earth’s atmosphere have?

A

4

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20
Q

How are the layers of earth atmosphere determined?

A

By average air temperature

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21
Q

What is altitude?

A

The distance above earth’s surface measured from sea level

22
Q

What are the 4 layers of the atmosphere from the earth?

A
  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere
23
Q

How high is the Troposphere from the earth?

A

0 km to 10 km

24
Q

What is the average temperature of the Troposphere?

A

15 C to -60

25
Q

How does the height of the Troposphere affect it?

A

As it gets higher the temperature decreases

26
Q

What percentage of atmospheric gasses does the Troposphere contain?

A

80%

27
Q

What is different about the Troposphere?

A

-It is the only layer of earth’s atmosphere with a temperature range and concentration of oxygen that can support many living organisms

28
Q

Which layer of the atmosphere contains the most atmospheric dust?

A

Lithosphere

29
Q

How high is the Stratosphere among the Earth’s surface?

A

10 km to 50 km

30
Q

What is the temperature of the Stratosphere?

A

-60 at the bottom to 0 at the top

31
Q

Which Atmospheric layer contains ozone?

A

Stratosphere

32
Q

Why does the stratosphere increase with altitude?

A

Becuase ozone absorbs energy from the suns rays

33
Q

What does the ozone do?

A

Protects living organisms from high-energy radiation

34
Q

What is the temperature of the Mesosphere?

A

0 at the bottom -100 at the top

35
Q

What is the Thermosphere?

A

The farthest layer from the earth’s surface

36
Q

Which layer of the Atmosphere has the least amount of gas?

A

The Thermosphere

37
Q

What is the temperature of the Thermosphere?

A

-100 to 1500

38
Q

What does the Lithosphere float on?

A

The semi-fluid portion of the upper mantle

39
Q

How deep is the Lithosphere?

A

It goes 100 km below earth’s surface

40
Q

What is the Lithosphere warmed by?

A

The sun

41
Q

What percentage of water is salt water?

A

97%

42
Q

What percentage of water is freshwater?

A

3%

43
Q

What does fresh water include?

A

Water in lakes, streams, and frozen water

44
Q

How does the Lithosphere depend on the Hydrosphere?

A

The living organisms need water to survive

45
Q

How is the Hydrosphere warmed?

A

By the sunlight

46
Q

How does the Hydrosphere play a role in the Atmosphere?

A

Water vapour takes part in cloud formation

47
Q

What is Inversion?

A

The inversion of normal temperatures decreasing with altitude

48
Q

What is an adaptation?

A

Any change in an organs structure that makes it more suited for its environment

49
Q

What is climate change?

A

The change that occurs in a climates region over time

50
Q

What is anecdotal evidence?

A

Biased reports from people about weather and events

51
Q

What is scientific evidence?

A

Evidence that is collected in a matter that is reliable and unbiased

Science 10 AP (13 decks)

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