Unit 9 Quiz

Question 1

A neutral stimulus can be made into a reinforcer by:

Answer 1

Pairing it with an unconditioned stimulus

Question 2

According to Tung et al. (2017), there were lower rates of problem behavior during the FO assessments when compared to the PS and MSWO assessments because:

Answer 2

a. The FO assessment did not involve frequent removal or restriction of tangible materials.

Question 3

According to Tung’s research, which preference assessment is the most appropriate to use for individuals that engage in problem behavior maintained by access to tangibles?

Answer 3

a. FO.

Question 4

An example of a motivating operation is:

Answer 4

All the above:

Hunger, hay fever, argument with significant other

Question 5

An example of an unconditioned reinforcer is:

Answer 5

All the above:

Food, water, oxygen, warmth

Question 6

DeLeon and Iwata (1996) made an adaptation of the multiple stimuli and paired stimuli presentations. In this assessment, the stimuli are intended to reduce the time needed to determine stimulus preference. What was this assessment named?

Answer 6

Brief stimulus assessment

Question 7

In Tung et al.’s 2017 article on preference assessment, all of the following were participants in the study except:

Answer 7

Madison

Question 8

In Tung’s et al.’s 2017 article on preference assessment, the authors exposed participants to FO, PS, and MSWO and then conducted assessments. What type of visual display was used?

Answer 8

Multi-element design

Question 9

In specific terms, stimulus preference assessments can be conducted using three basic methods:

Answer 9

B and C:

b. Observing the person interacting or engaging with the various stimuli in a free operant situation.
c. Asking the person to identify preferred stimuli and taking measurements.

Question 10

Observing and recording what activities the target person engages in when she can choose during a period of unrestricted access to numerous activities is called:

Answer 10

Free operant observation

Question 11

One method to determine stimulus preference is to ask the target person. All of the following are variations to open dialogue except:

Answer 11

All the above:

Open-ended questions, choice format, rank ordering

Question 12

Preferred stimuli are sometimes labeled as all of the following except:

Answer 12

Mediocre preference (MP)

Question 13

Single stimulus presentation offers stimuli _____ item(s) at a time and the person’s reaction is noted.

Answer 13

One

Question 14

Stimulus preference assessment identifies stimuli that are likely to serve as:

Answer 14

Reinforcers

Question 15

Stimulus preference assessment is usually conducted using what two-step process?

Answer 15

Both A and B:

a. A large pool of stimuli that might be used as reinforcers is gathered.
b. Those stimuli are presented to the target person systematically to identify preference.

Question 16

Stimulus preference assessment refers to a variety of procedures to determine:

Answer 16

All the above:

a. The stimulus a person prefers.
b. The relative preference values of those stimuli.
c. The conditions under which those preference values hold.

Question 17

The _________ presentation method is an extension of the paired stimuli procedure, and the person chooses a preferred stimulus from an array of three or more stimuli.

Answer 17

Multiple stimulus

Question 18

The many variations of trial-based stimulus preference assessment can be grouped by presentation method as all of the following except:

Answer 18

Brief stimulus assessment

Question 19

The practitioner sets up the environment with a variety of items that may be of interest to the learner. This is done to determine whether, when, how, and the extent to which the learner engages with each of those predetermined activities and materials. This is called:

Answer 19

Contrived free operant observation

Question 20

The two major variations of the multiple stimuli preference assessment include:

Answer 20

b. Multiple stimuli with replacement and multiple stimuli without replacement.

Question 21

This observation is done in the learner’s natural environment (such as the playground, classroom, or home) and is as unobtrusive as possible. The observer notes how the learner allocates his time in terms of reinforcement. This is called:

Answer 21

Naturalistic free operant observation

Question 22

What was the main purpose of Tung et al.’s 2017 article on preference assessment?

Answer 22

c. To compare MS, MSWO, and FO preference assessment formats to determine problem behavior rates both during the assessment and following the removal of all items at the end of each assessment.

Question 23

When reviewing Noah’s FO procedure, what did he have free access to?

Answer 23

b. Free access to six plates with ample edible items for him to consume.

Question 24

Which of the following is not a way to ask a client about a stimulus preference?

Answer 24

Asking the client’s neighbor

Question 25

Which of the following is not an appropriate way to identify potential reinforcers?

Answer 25

Pick a stimulus that is reinforcing for someone else

Question 26

With each trial in the __________ presentation method, stimuli are simultaneously presented with one another. The observer then notes which stimuli the learners chooses. Which preference assessment is this?

Answer 26

Paired stimuli