Unit 4

Question 1

A functional assessment method involving direct observation of the antecedents, the target behavior, and the consequences of the behavior.

Answer 1

ABC observation

Question 2

A form of direct, continuous observation in which the observer records a descriptive, temporally sequenced account of all behavior(s) of interest and the antecedent conditions and consequences for those behaviors as those events occur in the client’s natural environment.

Answer 2

ABC recording

Question 3

A stimulus change or condition that functions to evoke a behavior that has terminated it in the past, as a punisher when presented following behavior, and/or as a reinforcer when withdrawn following behavior.

Answer 3

Aversive stimulus

Question 4

The activity of living organisms, or what a person does and says.

Answer 4

Behavior

Question 5

A form of evaluation that involves a full range of inquiry methods to identify problematic antecedent and consequent controlling variables.

Answer 5

Behavioral assessment

Question 6

A previously neutral stimulus change that functions as a punisher because of prior pairing with one or more punishers.

Answer 6

Conditioned punisher

Question 7

A previously neutral stimulus that has been paired a number of times with an established reinforcer and consequently functions as a reinforcer itself.

Answer 7

Conditioned reinforcer

Question 8

A formerly neutral stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior only after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus.

Answer 8

Conditioned stimulus

Question 9

A stimulus change that follows a behavior of interest.

Answer 9

Consequence

Question 10

Refers to dependent and/or temporal relations between operant behavior and its controlling variables.

Answer 10

Contingency

Question 11

The state of an organism with respect to how much time has elapsed since it has consumed or contacted a particular type of reinforcer.

Answer 11

Deprivation

Question 12

Direct observation of problem behavior and the antecedent and consequent events under naturally occurring conditions.

Answer 12

Descriptive functional behavior assessment

Question 13

Behavioral evaluation involving direct observation and recording of the behavior as it occurs.

Answer 13

Direct assessment

Question 14

Occurs when the behavior that is measured is the same as the behavior that is the focus of the investigation.

Answer 14

Direct measurement

Question 15

An operant that occurs more frequently under some antecedent conditions than others

Answer 15

Discriminated operant

Question 16

A stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced and in the absence of which the same type of responses have occurred and not been reinforced.

Answer 16

Discriminative sitmulus

Question 17

The conglomerate of real circumstances in which the organism or referred part of an organism exists.

Answer 17

Environment

Question 18

A functional assessment method in which environmental events (antecedents and consequences of the behavior) are manipulated to demonstrate a functional relationship between the environmental events and the behavior.

Answer 18

Functional analysis

Question 19

A systemic method of assessment for obtaining information about the purposes a problem behavior serves for a person.

Answer 19

Functional behavior assessment

Question 20

A decrease in responsiveness to repeated presentations of a stimulus.

Answer 20

Habituation

Question 21

An environmental variable that (a) alters (increases or decreases) the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event; and (b) alters (increases or decreases) the current frequency of all behavior that has been reinforced or punished by that stimulus, object, or event.

Answer 21

Motivating operation

Question 22

A type of reinforcement in which the occurrence of the behavior is followed by the removal or avoidance of an aversive stimulus.

Answer 22

Negative reinforcement

Question 23

Behavior that acts on the environment to produce an immediate consequence and, in turn, is strengthened by that consequence.

Answer 23

Operant behavior

Question 24

A type of reinforcement in which, contingent on the behavior, a stimulus or event is presented and the probability of the behavior increases in the future

Answer 24

Positive reinforcement

Question 25

A two-dimensional graph that shows the relative distribution of individual measures in a data set with respect to the variables depicted in the x and y-axis; data points are unconnected.

Answer 25

Scatterplot

Question 26

A type of direct observation data collection in which the client observes and records his or her own behavior as it occurs.

Answer 26

Self-monitoring

Question 27

The observer provides instructions or arranges for specific events or activities to occur during the observation period.

Answer 27

Structured observation