Unit 9- Anatomic Terms Flashcards
anatomy
study of naming body structures
dors/o
near or on the back
ventr/o
near or on the belly side of the body
anter/o
toward the front or in front of
poster/o
following or located behind
cephal/o
upward, toward the head
caud/o
downward, toward the tail
medi/o
toward the midline
later/o
toward the side, away from the midline
super/o
above
infer/o
below
proxim/o
near point of origin
dist/o
away from point of origin
sagitt/o
vertical, anteroposterior direction or plane dividing into left and right
coron/o
resembling a crown or encircling
anterolateral
front and side
anteromedial
front and middle
anterosuperior
front and top
posterolateral
back and side
posteroexternal
back and outside of body
posterointernal
back and inside of body
anteroposterior, ventrodorsal
front and back (from front to back)
-ad
toward
ventrad
toward the front
mediolateral
middle and side
superolateral
above and to the side
cephalocaudal
head to tail
human development direction
midsagittal plane
cut made at midline to divide body into equal right and left halves
sagittal view
vertical slice from front to back
axillary
pertaining to the armpit
axillary temp. measures one degree F lower than oral temp.
midaxillary
middle of the armpit
coronal suture
sits at crown of skull
corona dentis
crown of a tooth
coronary arteries
circle the heart to supply muscle with blood
omphal/o
navel, umbilicus
omphalitis
inflammation of the umbilicus
omphalic
pertaining to the navel
omphalectomy
excision of the umbilicus
omphalocele, umbilicocele
herniation of the navel (umbilical hernia)
omphalorrhagia
umbilical hernia
omphalorrhea
discharge flowing from the navel
omphalorrhexis
rupture of the navel
cephalad
toward the head
caudad
toward the tail (lower spine)
gnosia, gnosis
medical words built from Greek word meaning knowledge
pro-
in front of
prognosis
foreknowledge or predicting the outcome of a disease
procephalic
in front of the head
dia-
through or throughout
diagnosis
Knowing through or know through
Identification of disease through signs and symptoms
sign
objective information about patient that is observable
symptom
subjective, patient tells how he feels but may not be observable
diarrhea
flowing through
dialysis
separation of substances in a solution
process of destroying waste products in blood by diffusion through a membrane
hemodialysis
removes waste from blood using artificial kidney machine
diascope
look through to see things on skin
aer/o
air
aerophobia
abnormal fear of air
aerotherapy
treatment with air
aerocele
herniation containing air
bi/o
life
biochemistry
study of chemical changes in living things
biology
study of living things
biologist
one who studies living things or life
biogenesis
formation of living things
an-
without
anaerobic
cannot live in presence of air
aerobic
needing air to live
biopsy
excision of tissue for examination of living or live tissue
chrom/o
color
chromocyte
colored cell
chromoblast
embryonic color (pigment) cell
chromolysis
destruction of color in a cell
chromogenesis
formation of pigment (color)
chromometer
instrument for measuring amount of color in a substance
phil
attracted to or loves
chromophilic
staining easily
chromophobic, achromophilic
does not stain at all
dys-
abnormal, bad, painful, difficult
eu-
well or easy
-tocia
labor
dystocia
difficult labor
eutocia
easy or normal labor and childbirth
than/o
death
euthanasia
easy or peaceful death
eugenics
good development
bioethics
deal with decisions about life and medical treatments
enter/o
small intestine
dysentery
painful/difficult condition of the small intestine
men/o
menses
menarche
female’s first menstrual period
menorrhea
flow of menses
dysmenorrhea
painful (bad or difficult) menstrual flow
menopause
permanent cessation of menses
menorrhagia
excessive menstruation
amenorrhea
absence of menstrual flow
menostasis
stopping menstrual flow
-stasis
act or condition of stopping or controlling
phlebostasis
control of blood flow in veins
arteriostasis
control of flow in arteries
lymphostasis
control of lymph flow
hemostat
instrument used in surgery to control blood flow by clamping off an artery or vein
homeostasis
balance of body functions staying the same
syphil/o
syphilis
syphilopsychosis
mental condition caused by syphilis
syphilophobia
fear of contracting syphilis
syphilotherapy
therapy for syphilis
syphiloma
syphilitic tumor
syphilopathy
any syphilitic disease
-cyesis
pregnancy
pseudo-
false
pseudocyesis, pseudopregnancy
false pregnancy
pseudoscience
false science
pseudomania
psychosis in which patients have false or pretended mental disorder
pseudoparalysis
false paralysis
pseudocyst
false cyst
pseudoedema
false edema
pseudoesthesia
false or imaginary sensation
pseudohypertrophy
false hypertrophy
pseudotuberculosis
false tuberculosis
pseudoneuroma
false nerve tumor
viscer/o
viscera
viscerad
toward the viscera
viscerogenic
development of organs
viscera
internal organs of body
Sing. viscus
peritoneum
membrane that lines abdominal cavity
pariet/o
wall
visceroptosis
prolapse of organs
visceralgia
pain in organs
visceral
pertaining to organs
viscerosensory
sensory function of organs
visceroskeletal
pertaining to organs and the skeleton
ecto-, exo-
outer, outside
endo-
inner, inside
meso-
middle
retro-
backward, behind
para-
near
blastoderm
embryonic disk of cells that gives rise to three main layers of tissues in humans (ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm)
ectoderm
Outer germ layer
Forms skin, nervous system, sense organs, and some glands
endoderm
Inner germ layer
Forms organs inside body
mesoderm
Middle germ layer
Forms muscles
ecto vs exo
ecto- latin
exo- greek
endogenous
produced within an organism
ectogenous, exogenous
produced outside an organism
Three P’s exhibited by type 1 diabetics
polyuria
polydipsia
polyphagia
ectocytic
outside a cell
endocystic
inside a bladder
-plasm
substance of cells
proto-
first
protoplasm
substance of life
ectoplasm
protoplasm that forms outer membrane of cell
endoplasm, cytoplasm
protoplasm within the cell
endocranial
within the cranium
endochondral
within cartilage
endoenteritis
inflammation of the lining of the small intestine
endocardial
pertaining to the lining of the heart
endocolitis
inflammation of the lining of the colon
endoscope
instrument used to look into a hollow organ or cavity of body
endoscopy, gastroscopy
process of viewing the stomach through an instrument
endarterectomy
removal of a substance from the inside of an artery
top/o
place
ectopic pregancy
outside the uterus
meso-
middle
mesentery
peritoneum attaching intestine to abdominal wall (middle intestine)
mesocolon
peritoneum attaching large intestine to abdominal wall (mesentery of colon)
mesodontic
pertaining to middle-sized teeth
retrocolic
behind the colon
retromammary
behind the breast (mammary glands)
retrosternal
behind the sternum
anteversion
turning forward
retroversion
turning backward
retroperitoneum
space behind the peritoneum
retroperitonitis
inflammation of retroperitoneum
flexion
bending or shortening of body part usually at joint
anteflexion
bending forward
retroflexion
bending backward
para-
near, beside, around
paracentral
near the center or around the center
para-appendicitis
inflammation around the appendix
paracystitis
inflammation around the bladder
paracolpitis
inflammation around the vagina
parahepatitis
inflammation near the liver
paranephritis
inflammation near the kidney
