Skeletal System Flashcards
ARTHRODESIS
the surgical fixation of a joint to produce an artificial bony union
AMPHIARTHRODIAL JOINT
partially movable joint
SYNARTHRODIAL JOINT
immovable joint
ARTICULATION
a joint
SEPTUM
any partition separating two cavities or masses
FOSSA
a depression
FORAMEN
a hole in a bone, a normal passage, usually into or through a bone
FISSURE
a narrow slit
TUBEROSITY
large rounded process
TUBERCLE
smaller rounded process
TROCHANTER
very large rounded process
SPINE
sharp slender process
CONDYLE
rounded, knoblike projection
CREST
a narrow ridge or bone
DIAPHYSIS
shaft of a bone
EPIPHYSIS
end of bone (long bone) - separated from shaft by cartilage until growth is complete - provides for growth in length
EPIPHYSEAL LINE
layer of cartilage between diaphysis and epiphysis
METAPHYSIS
part of diaphysis next to an epiphyseal line
BREGMA
junction of coronal and sagittal sutures
INION
external occipital protuberance of the skull
FONTANEL
an unossified spot on the cranium of an infant (soft spot)
LAMBDA
junction of sagittal and lambdoidal sutures
SUTURE
the line of union in an immovable articulation
SACRALIZATION
last lumbar vertebra is partly or completely fused with first segment of the sacrum
SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
the forward displacement of one vertebra upon the upper surface of the vertebra beneath it - usually occurs at the lumbosacral joint
KYPHOTIC CURVE
a curvature of the spine backward, concave curve, normal in thoracic and sacral regions
VERTEX
the top of the head
*SPINA BIFIDA
laminae of a vertebra may fail to unite with each other in the midline posteriorly. Vertebral arch will be incomplete, spinal cord may herniate out through this defect
*SCOLIOSIS
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
LORDOTIC CURVE
a curvature of the spine forward, convex, normal in the cervical and lumbar regions
NONUNION
failure of the ends of a fracture to heal and unite
PATHOLOGIC
one which is due to disease
*COMPRESSION
fracture caused by pressure
POTTS
fracture to the distal end of fibula with dislocation of foot outward and backward
IMPACTED
break where one bone fragment is pushed or driven into another
*COMPOUND
where bone is broken and extends to the outside
COLLES
a transverse fracture of the distal end of the radius with displacement of the hand backward and outward
*OVERRIDING
the slipping of either part of a fractured bone past the other
*DEPRESSED
a portion of the bone is driven inward as in the skull
*SPIRAL
fracture line extends obliquely along the shaft of bone
*GREENSTICK
bone is partially bent and partially broken
*COMMINUTED
bone is broken with two or more fracture lines
