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Medical Terminology > Unit 6-Urology and Gynecology > Flashcards

Unit 6-Urology and Gynecology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

urology

A

study of the urinary tract

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2
Q

ur/o

A

urine

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3
Q

urologist

A

physician specialist with expertise in treating disorders of the male and female urinary system and male reproductive system.

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4
Q

urogenital, genitourinary

A

pertaining to the urinary tract and genitals

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5
Q

uropathy

A

disease of the urinary tract

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6
Q

poly-

A

many or much

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7
Q

-uria

A

condition of the urine

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8
Q

polyuria

A

excessive amount of urine

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9
Q

nocturia

A

excessive urination at night

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10
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

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11
Q

oliguria

A

low (scant) amount of uria

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12
Q

dysuria

A

difficult or painful urination

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13
Q

polyneuropathy

A

disease of many nerves

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14
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of many nerves

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15
Q

polyarthritis

A

inflammation of many joints

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16
Q

polyneuralgia

A

pain in many nerves

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17
Q

polyotia

A

state of having too many or more than two ears

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18
Q

anuria

A

suppressed (lack of) urine

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19
Q

albuminuria

A

protein (albumin) in urine

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20
Q

glycosuria

A

sugar in the urine

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21
Q

ketonuria

A

ketones in the urine

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22
Q

nocturnal enuresis

A

bed wetting

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23
Q

bacteriuria

A

bacteria in the urine

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24
Q

polycystic

A

having many cysts

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25
Q

polyphagia

A

eating too much

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26
Q

polyphobia

A

excessive fear of things

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27
Q

ren/o, nephr/o

A

kidney
reno= latin
nephro= greek

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28
Q

renal

A

pertaining to the kidney

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29
Q

renopathy

A

kidney disease

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30
Q

renogram

A

record from an x-ray of the kidney

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31
Q

KUB

A

x-ray of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

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32
Q

renointestinal

A

pertaining to the kidney and intestine

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33
Q

renogastric

A

pertaining to the kidney and stomach

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34
Q

nephrons

A

functional units of kidney

filter blood to remove waste and excess water to form urine

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35
Q

nephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney

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36
Q

-ptosis

A

condition of prolapse or displacement

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37
Q

nephroptosis

A

Can occur from hard blow or jolt to the kidney

Displacement of kidney

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38
Q

nephropexy

A

Fixation of a prolapsed kidney

Specific type of nephroplasty

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39
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation

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40
Q

nephroplasty

A

repair of the kidney

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41
Q

nephrolith

A

kidney stone

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42
Q

nephromalacia

A

softening of kidney tissue

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43
Q

nephromegaly

A

enlargement of the kidney

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44
Q

nephrolysis

A

destruction of kidney tissue

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45
Q

cholelith

A

gallstone

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46
Q

cholelithiasis

A

condition/infestation of gallstones

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47
Q

rhinolith

A

nasal stones

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48
Q

Routine urinalysis

A 
Uses color change reagent strip dipped in sample to determine following results: Normal=
pH (5-8)
protein (neg)
glucose (neg)
ketones (neg)
bilirubin (neg)
blood (neg)
specific gravity (1.001-1.035)
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49
Q

Renal pelvis

A

formed at junction of the calyces

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50
Q

pyel/o

A

refers to renal pelvis

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51
Q

pyelitis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

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52
Q

pyeloplasty

A

surgical repair of the renal pelvis

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53
Q

pyelonephrosis

A

condition of the renal pelvis and kidney

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54
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney

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55
Q

pyelogram

A

x-ray of the renal pelvis

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56
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

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57
Q

urterolith

A

stone/calculus in the ureter

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58
Q

ureterocele

A

herniation of the ureter

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59
Q

ureteropathy

A

disease of the ureter

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60
Q

ureteropyeloplasty

A

plastic surgery of the ureter and renal pelvis

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61
Q

ureteropyelitis

A

inflammation of the ureter and renal pelvis

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62
Q

ureterocystostomy

A

making a new opening between the ureter and bladder

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63
Q

ureteropyosis

A

condition of the ureter involving pus

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64
Q

ureterorrhaphy

A

suturing or stitching of the ureter

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65
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suturing or stitching

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66
Q

ureterorrhaphy

A

suturing of the ureter

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67
Q

dermatorrhaphy

A

suturing of the skin

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68
Q

nephrorrhaphy

A

suturing of a kidney

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69
Q

cystorrhaphy

A

suturing of the bladder

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70
Q

neurorrhaphy

A

suturing of a nerve

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71
Q

colporrhaphy

A

suturing of the vagina

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72
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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73
Q

ureter/o

A

ureters

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74
Q

uter/o

A

uterus

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75
Q

urethrorrhaphy

A

suturing of the urethra

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76
Q

urethrotomy

A

incision of the urethra

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77
Q

urethrospasm

A

spasm of the urethra

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78
Q

urethrorectal

A

pertaining to the urethra and rectum

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79
Q

urethrovaginal

A

pertaining to the urethra and vagina

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80
Q

urethrocystitis

A

inflammation of the urethra and bladder

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81
Q

-rrhagia

A

hemorrhage, or bursting forth of blood

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82
Q

gastrorrhagia

A

stomach hemorrhage

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83
Q

encephalorrhagia

A

brain hemorrhage

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84
Q

urethrorrhagia

A

hemorrhage of the urethra

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85
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive bleeding during menstruation

86
Q

cystorrhagia

A

hemorrhage of the bladder

87
Q

ureterorrhagia

A

hemorrhage of the ureter

88
Q

spermat/o or sperm/o(i)

A

spermatozoa or male germ cells (sperm)

89
Q

spermatogenesis

A

formation of spermatozoa/sperm/male germ cells

90
Q

spermolysis

A

destruction of spermatozoa

91
Q

spermatoblast/spermoblast

A

immature sperm cell

92
Q

spermatocyst

A

sac containing sperm

93
Q

spermatoid

A

resembling sperm

94
Q

spermatopathy

A

disease of the sperm

95
Q

spermatocele

A

herniated saclike structure containing sperm

96
Q

-cide

A

to kill or destroy

97
Q

spermicide

A

agent used to kill sperm

98
Q

orchid/o, orchi/o, orch/o

A

testicle

99
Q

orchidectomy, orchiectomy, orchectomy

A

excision of the testicle

100
Q

orchidalgia, orchidodynia

A

pain in the testes

101
Q

testis vs testes

A

testis- singular

testes-plural

102
Q

TSE

A

Testicular self-exam

103
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undescended/hidden testicle

104
Q

orchidoplasty, orchiopexy

A

surgical repair of testicles (to repair cryporchidism)

105
Q

orchidocele

A

herniation of a testicle

106
Q

orchidotomy

A

incision into a testicle

107
Q

crypt

A

hidden

108
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

109
Q

prostatic

A

referring to the prostate

110
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

enlargement of the prostate due to an increase in number of cells and aging

111
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of the prostate gland

112
Q

semin/o

A

semen

113
Q

seminal fluid

A

combination of fluids and sperm

114
Q

seminal vesical

A

secretes fluid to lubricate and nurture sperm

115
Q

seminoma

A

Seminal tissue tumor
Malignant neoplasm found most often in young men
Growth generated by spermatoblast cells in a testis

116
Q

semen

A

seminal fluid, prostatic fluid, and sperm

117
Q

prostatorrhea

A

abnormal flow or discharge from the prostate gland

118
Q

prostatalgia

A

prostatic pain

119
Q

prostatectomy

A

excision of the prostate

120
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

121
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of the glans penis

122
Q

balanoplasty

A

surgical repair of of the glans penis

123
Q

balanorrhea

A

flow or discharge from the glans penis

124
Q

pen/o

A

penis

125
Q

penile

A

adjectival form of penis

126
Q

penitis

A

inflammation of the penis

127
Q

scrotal

A

adjectival form of scrotum

128
Q

impotence

A

Inability to have an erection

Can be caused by trauma, prostatectomy, or diabetes

129
Q

penile prosthesis

A

a device that can be implanted into the penis that is filled with fluid to produce an erection

130
Q

scrotum

A

saclike structure that contains the testes

131
Q

penoscrotal

A

pertaining to the penis and scrotum

132
Q

o/o

A

egg or ovum

133
Q

ooblast

A

embryonic egg cell (will become an ovum)

134
Q

oogenesis

A

Formation and development of an ovum
Changes that occur in cell from ooblast to mature ovum
Impossible for a spermatozoon to fertilize an ovum until oogenesis is complete

135
Q

oophor/o

A

Ovary

Literally means egg bearing

136
Q

ovary

A

organ responsible for maturing and discharging the ovum (ovulation)

137
Q

oophorectomy

A

excision of the ovary

138
Q

phor/o

A

to bear

139
Q

ovarium

A

place that holds eggs

140
Q

oophoritis

A

inflammation of an ovary

141
Q

oophoroma

A

tumor of an ovary

142
Q

oophoropexy

A

surgical procedure to fixate a prolapsed (dropped or sagged) ovary

143
Q

salping/o

A 
fallopian tubes (trumpet)
Also refers to eustachian tubes in the ears
144
Q

salpingoscope

A

instrument used to examine the fallopian tubes

145
Q

salpingostomy

A

new surgical opening made in a fallopian tube

146
Q

salpingitis

A

inflammation of a fallopian tube (or eustachian tubes)

147
Q

salpingectomy

A

excision of a fallopian tube

148
Q

salpingo-oophoritis

A

inflammation of the fallopian tube and ovary

must use hyphen

149
Q

salpingo-oophorocele

A

hernia that encloses the fallopian tube and ovary

150
Q

colp/o, vagin/o

A

vagina

151
Q

colpitis

A

inflammation of the vagina

152
Q

colpodynia

A

vaginal pain

153
Q

colpopathy, vaginopathy

A

disease of the vagina

154
Q

colpospasm

A

vaginal spasm

155
Q

colpectomy, vaginectomy

A

excision of part of the vagina

156
Q

colpopexy

A

fixation of the vagina

157
Q

colpoplasty, vaginoplasty

A

surgical repair of the vagina

158
Q

colposcope

A

instrument for examining the vagina

159
Q

colpotomy

A

incision into the vaginal wall

160
Q

A soft “g” precedes the vowels

A

i, e, y

161
Q

A hard “g” precedes the vowels

A

a, o, u, consonants

162
Q

In compound words, a hyphen is used when

A

3 like vowels join word roots or combining forms

163
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus

164
Q

hysterectomy

A

excision of the uterus

165
Q

hysterotomy

A

incision into the uterus

166
Q

hysterospasm

A

spasm of the uterus

167
Q

hysterogram

A

x-ray of uterus

168
Q

hysterosalpingogram (HSG)

A

X-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes

Special x-ray procedure to determine patency (openness) of the fallopian tubes by injecting a contrast medium

169
Q

hysteropathy

A

disease of the uterus

170
Q

hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy

A

excision of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

171
Q

metr/o

A

womb, uterine TISSUES

172
Q

endometrium

A

inner layer of tissues of the uterus

173
Q

hysteroscope

A

instrument used to see into the uterus

174
Q

hysteroscopy

A

procedure of using a hysteroscope

175
Q

metritis

A

inflammation of the uterine musculature

176
Q

metroparalysis, metroplegia

A

paralysis of the uterus or uterine musculature

177
Q

metrorrhea

A

abnormal flow or discharge form uterine tissues

178
Q

metropathy, hysteropathy

A

uterine disease

179
Q

metrocele, hysterocele

A

herniation of the uterus

180
Q

endometrium

A

lining of the uterus

181
Q

endometritis

A

inflammation of the uterine lining

182
Q

metropathy

A

disease of the uterine tissue

183
Q

endometriosis

A

condition in which tissue that looks and acts like endometrial tissue is found in places other than the lining of the uterus

184
Q

-ptosis

A

Prolapse or downward deplacement

Also word by itself meaning condition or displacement

185
Q

Ptotic

A

adjectival form of ptosis

186
Q

hysteroptosis

A

prolapse of the uterus

187
Q

hysteropexy

A

Surgical fixation of the uterus

Done to correct or fixate hysteroptosis

188
Q

colpoptosis

A

prolapse of the vagina

189
Q

hysterocele

A

uterine hernia

190
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix, neck of uterus

also, neck

191
Q

cervicoplasty

A

surgical procedure to repair the cervix

192
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix

193
Q

cervical

A

pertaining to the cervix

194
Q

conization

A

cone-shaped cut made in cervix to remove endocervical tissue. May be done using electrocautery (cautery conization) or a cold knife blade (cold conization)

195
Q

gynec/o, gyn/e

A

Woman

196
Q

gynecology

A

field of medicine that deals with diseases of women

197
Q

gynecoid

A

resembling woman

198
Q

gynecopathy

A

disease peculiar to women

199
Q

gynephobia

A

abnormal fear of women

200
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

201
Q

vasodilation

A

Enlarging the diameter of a vessel

Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator

202
Q

Dilation and dilatation are

A

synonyms

203
Q

vasoconstriction

A

Decreasing size of the dimeter of a vessel

Happens with angina

204
Q

vasomotor

A

refers to nerves that control tone of the blood vessel walls

205
Q

vasal

A

pertaining to a vessel

206
Q

vasospasm

A

spasm of a vessel

207
Q

vasotripsy

A

crushing of a vessel (with forceps to stop hemorrhage)

208
Q

vasotomy

A

incision into the vas deferens

209
Q

vasorrhaphy

A

suture of the vas deferens

210
Q

vasostomy

A

making a new opening into the vas deferens

211
Q

vasectomy

A

removal of a segment of the vas deferens

212
Q

antineoplastic

A

agent that works against tumor growth

Medical Terminology (22 decks)

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