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Pharmacology > Unit 9 > Flashcards

Unit 9 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the antiparkinson drug of this unit

A

levodopa/carbidopa

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2
Q

what is the mechanism of action for levodopa

A

increase levels of dopamine in the CNS

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3
Q

what are some adverse reactions of levodopa

A
  • n/v/a
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • psychosis/hallucinations
  • dystonia
  • choreiform movements (abnormal muscle activity)
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4
Q

what are some nursing mgmt/teachingsof levodopa

A

-always administer on time
-report abnormal muscle activity
-take with food
- assess for osteoporosis
- report behavioral or mood changes

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5
Q

what are some contraindications of levodopa

A

-psychiatric disorders
- high protein foods
- MAOI antidepressants

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6
Q

what are the antiepileptic meds of this unit

A

Phenytoin
valproic acid
Levetiracetam

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7
Q

what is the mechanism of action for the antiepileptic meds

A

CNS depressant

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8
Q

what is the adverse reactions of phenytoin?

A
  • gingival hyperplasia
  • SJS vs TENS
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9
Q

what is the adverse reaction of valproic acid?

A

liver failure
pancreatitis

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10
Q

what is the adverse reaction of levetiracetam

A

infection
SJS vs TENS

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11
Q

what are the adverse reactions of all epileptic meds

A
  • CNS depression
  • dizziness
  • drowsiness
  • ataxia
  • confusion
  • pancytopenia
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12
Q

what are the nursing mgmt/teaching of the epileptic meds

A
  • wear a med alert bracelet
  • do not discontinue abruptly
  • seizure mgmt
  • CBC w/all
  • monitor liver function when taking Valproic acid
  • monitor phenytoin levels (10-20 mcg/ml)
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13
Q

what are the mgmt/teachings of Phenytoin

A

avoid grapefruit juice

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14
Q

what are the mgmt/teachings of valproic acid

A

report signs of liver dysfunction

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15
Q

what are the mgmt/teachings of levetiracetam?

A

instruct family to monitor for suicidal ideation
infection prevention

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16
Q

what are the contraindications of phenytoin?

A

pregnancy and lactation

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17
Q

what is the skeletal muscle relaxant med of this unit

A

cyclobenzaprine

18
Q

what is the mechanism of action of cyclobenzaprine

A

decrease in muscle spasms
CNS depressant

19
Q

what is cyclobenzaprine used for

A

relieve pain associated with acute musculoskeletal conditions

20
Q

what are some adverse reactions of cyclobenzaprine

A

drowsiness
blurred vision
cardiac arrhythmias

21
Q

what are some mgmt/teachings of cyclobenzaprine

A

avoid ETOH
avoid other meds that are CNS depressants

22
Q

what is the bisphosphonates med in this unit

A

alendronate

23
Q

what is the mechanism of action of alendronate

A

increase bone density

24
Q

what are some adverse reactions of alendronate

A

esophageal reflux
bone pain

25
Q

what are some mgmt/teachings of alendronate

A

sit upright for 30 mins after taking medication

26
Q

what are some contraindications of alendronate

A

pregnancy
patients unable to sit upright

27
Q

what is the DMARD med of this unit

A

adalimumab, hydroxychloroquine, and methotrexate

28
Q

what is the mechanism of action of DMARDS meds

A

immunosuppression

29
Q

what do you use DMARD meds for? adverse reaction for all?

A

rheumatoid arthritis
all: immune suppression

30
Q

what are some adverse reactions of adalimumab

A

flu-like symptoms

31
Q

what are some adverse reactions of hydroxychloroquine

A

retinopathy
cardiomyopathy
dysrhythmias

32
Q

what are some adverse reactions of methotrexate

A

bone marrow suppression
hepatotoxicity
nephrotoxicity
alopecia

33
Q

what are the mgmt/teachings of the DMARD meds

A

infection prevention
signs of infection

34
Q

what are the mgmt/teachings of methotrexate

A

use contraception
avoid etoh

35
Q

what is a contraindication of DMARD meds

A

patients with active infections

36
Q

what is the anti-gout med of this unit

A

allopurinol

37
Q

what is the mechanism of action of allopurinol

A

reduces the production of uric acid

38
Q

what is allopurinol used for

A

prevention of gout

39
Q

what are some adverse reactions of allopurinol

A

n/v/d
rash
bp changes
renal/hepatic failure

40
Q

what are the mgmt/teachings of allopurinol

A

-take with food/milk to decrease GI upset
-take everyday to prevent gout attacks
-dietary restrictions-purines avoidance

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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