Unit 7 Drugs !

Question 1

what is the mechanism of action for antacids

Answer 1

neutralizes the acidity of stomach and duodenal contents !

Question 2

what do you use antacids for

Answer 2

heartburn
acid indigestion
peptic ulcers
GERD

Question 3

what are some examples of antacids

Answer 3

magnesium oxide
sodium bicarbonate
aluminum hydroxide
calcium carbonate

Question 4

what are the adverse drug reaction for each antacid medications for this unit

Answer 4

calcium carbonate/aluminum hydroxide: constipation and kidney stones !
magnesium hydroxide: diarrhea !
sodium bicarb: systemic alkalosis !

Question 5

what are some contraindications of antacids?

Answer 5

severe abdominal pain of unknown cause !
renal failure (magnesium) !
sodium (heart failure)
calcium (renal stones; hypercalcemia)
many interactions !

Question 6

nursing considerations of antacids

Answer 6

• wait 1-2 hours before taking other meds !
• caution in cardiac clients
• caution with electrolyte imbalances
• watch out for hydration status, water intake
• assess gi function and bowel pattern !

Question 7

what is the mechanism of action of histamine h2 antagonists

Answer 7

inhibits the action of histamine at h2 receptors sites
- reduces production of hydrochloric acid !

Question 8

what is the histamine h2 antagonist of this unit

Answer 8

famotidine

Question 9

what do you use famotidine (h2 antagonist) for? adverse reactions?

Answer 9

gi bleeding
heartburn !
peptic ulcer
duodenal ulcer
Adeverse reactions: confusion !

Question 10

what is the mechanism of action of PPI (proton pump inhibitors)

Answer 10

suppress gastric acid secretions !

Question 11

what is the proton pump inhibitor of this unit

Answer 11

omeprazole

Question 12

what do you use proton pump inhibitors used for

Answer 12

esp. H. pylori infections !

Question 13

what are the expected outcomes of PPI drugs

Answer 13

absence of heartburn
absence of acid reflux
absence of gastroesophageal reflux

Question 14

what is the mechanism of action of gastrointestinal stimulants

Answer 14

increases gastrointestinal tract motility !

Question 15

what is the gi stimulant of this unit

Answer 15

metoclopramide

Question 16

what do you use gi stimulants used for

Answer 16

nausea and vomiting
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- gastric stasis

Question 17

what are some contraindications/consideration of gi stimulants?

Answer 17

do not give with gi obstruction
do not give with gastric perforation
long term cause extrapyramidal symptoms

Question 18

what are some s/s of extrapyramidal

Answer 18

pseudo parkinsonism ( tremors, stooped posture, shuffling gait, rigidity)
acute dystonia (facial grimace, upward eye movement, muscle spasms)

Question 19

what is the mechanism of action of antiemetics

Answer 19

decrease nausea and vomiting

Question 20

what are the antiemetics of this unit

Answer 20

promethazine and ondansetron

Question 21

what do you use antiemetics for

Answer 21

nausea and vomiting

Question 22

what are the adverse drug reactions of antiemetics

Answer 22

CNS depression (drowsiness and sedation)
hypotension
respiratory depression

Question 23

what are some patient teachings of antiemetics

Answer 23

• avoid use together with other CNS depression
• avoid doing activities requiring alertness
• caution when given to n/v of unknown cause

Question 24

what is the adverse reaction of famotidine

Answer 24

confusion !

Question 25

what is the adverse reactions of PPI

Answer 25

diarrhea/C-diff !
osteoporosis (fractures) !

Question 26

nursing management/teachings for PPI

Answer 26

h. pylori treatment !
long term use d/t decreased b12 absorption !
take on empty stomach !

Question 27

what are the adverse reactions of metoclopramide

Answer 27

drowsiness
pseudo-parkinsonism