Unit 4 Drugs Part 1 Flashcards
what drug class is albuterol?
bronchodilator (beta 2 adrenergic, SABA)
what drug class is ipratropium?
bronchodilator (anticholinergic)
what is the mechanism of action for albuterol and ipratropium?
dilates the bronchi
what is albuterol and ipratropium used for?
- wheezing (asthma) !
- dyspnea
- COPD !
- coughing and tight chest
- anaphylaxis !
what is the adverse reaction of albuterol?
- tachycardia, htn, cardiac arrhythmias !
- nervousness, anxiety, insomnia !
- throat irritation
- bronchospasms
- heart burn !
what are some adverse reactions of ipratropium?
- dry mouth !
- blurred vision
- urinary retention
what are some nursing interventions/ teachings of taking albuterol?
- assess respiratory system and bp/hr before and after treatment !
- proper use of inhalers or nebulizers !
- avoid caffeine
- use spacer if needed !
what are some nursing interventions/ teachings of taking ipratropium?
- assess respiratory system and bp/hr before and after treatment !
- proper use of inhalers or nebulizers !
- avoid caffeine
- use spacer if needed !
- not for acute attacks !
contraindications of albuterol and ipratropium?
- cardiac dysfunction
- glaucoma
- diabetes
- hx of seizures
what drug class is beclomethasone?
inhaled corticosteroids
what drug class is Fluticasone/ Salmetrol?
inhaled corticosteroids
what is the mechanism of action for fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone?
decrease airway inflammation
what do you use fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone?
long term management of COPD and asthma!
what are the adverse reactions of fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone?
- nervousness, HTN, tachycardia ! (combo)
- dry sore throat
- hoarseness !
- bad taste
- thrush throat irritation ( due to suppression of immune system) !
what are some nursing interventions/ teachings of taking fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone?
- assess respiratory system
- not to be used for acute symptom managment !
- takes 1-2 weeks to become effective
- rinse mouth after inhalation !
- do not swallow meds
- inhaler/spacer/ nebulizer use !
contraindications of fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone
acute asthma attack !
what drug class is isoniazid (INH) and Rifampin ?
antitubercular (antibiotics)
what is the mechanism of action for rifampin and isoniazid (INF) ?
fight against mycobacterium tuberculosis
what is the use of rifampin and isoniazid (INF) ?
treatment of tuberculosis
what are the adverse reactions of rifampin ?
- vertigo
- reddish-orange discoloration of body fluids !
- hepatic failure !
- gi upsetness
what are some adverse reactions of isoniazid (INF) ?
- hepatic failure !
- jaundice
- gi upsetness
- peripheral neuropathy (B6 def.) !
what are some nursing interventions/ teaching for rifampin and isoniazid (INF) ?
- monitor for compliance !
- monitor liver function !
- no alcohol !
- urine/ body fluid discoloration
- supplement vitamin B6 !
contraindications/ interactions of rifampin
contraindicated in severe liver disease
- oral contraceptives !
- oral diabetic meds
- anticoagulants !
contraindications/ interactions of isoniazid (INF) ?
contraindicated in severe liver disease
- foods high in tyramine ! (aged cheese, cured meats, aged wine) results in : HTN, tachycardia, and palpitations !
- anticoagulants !
what drug class is Guaifenesin?
expectorants
what is the mechanism of action for Guaifenesin?
increase the production of respiratory secretions to help clearance
what do you use Guaifenesin for?
productive cough (facilitate airway clearance)
what are some adverse reactions of Guaifenesin?
- nausea , vomiting
- dizziness
- tracheal irritation
what are some nursing interventions/teachings of taking Guaifenesin?
- assess s/s and v/s
- oxygenation status and lung sounds !
- take with a full glass of water !
what are contraindications of Guaifenesin?
use cautiously in patients with asthma!
what drug class is acetylcysteine (nebulizer)?
mucolytic
what is the mechanism of action for acetylcysteine?
reduce the viscosity of sputum by breaking up mucous
what do you use acetylcysteine for?
chronic respiratory condition with excess mucus !
what are some adverse reactions of acetylcysteine?
- stomatitis (inhaled)
- bronchospasm !
- irritation of trachea and bronchi
- nausea and vomiting
- drowsiness
what are some nursing considerations/ teachings of taking acetylcysteine?
- medication is inhaled/nebulizer !
- oral form is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity !
- mouth care
- take before chest PT !
- effective cough
contraindications of taking acetylcysteine?
not recommended in pt with asthma
