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Pharmacology > Unit 4 Drugs Part 1 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Drugs Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what drug class is albuterol?

A

bronchodilator (beta 2 adrenergic, SABA)

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2
Q

what drug class is ipratropium?

A

bronchodilator (anticholinergic)

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3
Q

what is the mechanism of action for albuterol and ipratropium?

A

dilates the bronchi

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4
Q

what is albuterol and ipratropium used for?

A
  • wheezing (asthma) !
  • dyspnea
  • COPD !
  • coughing and tight chest
  • anaphylaxis !
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5
Q

what is the adverse reaction of albuterol?

A
  • tachycardia, htn, cardiac arrhythmias !
  • nervousness, anxiety, insomnia !
  • throat irritation
  • bronchospasms
  • heart burn !
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6
Q

what are some adverse reactions of ipratropium?

A
  • dry mouth !
  • blurred vision
  • urinary retention
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7
Q

what are some nursing interventions/ teachings of taking albuterol?

A
  • assess respiratory system and bp/hr before and after treatment !
  • proper use of inhalers or nebulizers !
  • avoid caffeine
  • use spacer if needed !
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8
Q

what are some nursing interventions/ teachings of taking ipratropium?

A
  • assess respiratory system and bp/hr before and after treatment !
  • proper use of inhalers or nebulizers !
  • avoid caffeine
  • use spacer if needed !
  • not for acute attacks !
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9
Q

contraindications of albuterol and ipratropium?

A
  • cardiac dysfunction
  • glaucoma
  • diabetes
  • hx of seizures
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10
Q

what drug class is beclomethasone?

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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11
Q

what drug class is Fluticasone/ Salmetrol?

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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12
Q

what is the mechanism of action for fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone?

A

decrease airway inflammation

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13
Q

what do you use fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone?

A

long term management of COPD and asthma!

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14
Q

what are the adverse reactions of fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone?

A
  • nervousness, HTN, tachycardia ! (combo)
  • dry sore throat
  • hoarseness !
  • bad taste
  • thrush throat irritation ( due to suppression of immune system) !
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15
Q

what are some nursing interventions/ teachings of taking fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone?

A
  • assess respiratory system
  • not to be used for acute symptom managment !
  • takes 1-2 weeks to become effective
  • rinse mouth after inhalation !
  • do not swallow meds
  • inhaler/spacer/ nebulizer use !
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16
Q

contraindications of fluticasone/salmeterol and beclomethasone

A

acute asthma attack !

17
Q

what drug class is isoniazid (INH) and Rifampin ?

A

antitubercular (antibiotics)

18
Q

what is the mechanism of action for rifampin and isoniazid (INF) ?

A

fight against mycobacterium tuberculosis

19
Q

what is the use of rifampin and isoniazid (INF) ?

A

treatment of tuberculosis

20
Q

what are the adverse reactions of rifampin ?

A
  • vertigo
  • reddish-orange discoloration of body fluids !
  • hepatic failure !
  • gi upsetness
21
Q

what are some adverse reactions of isoniazid (INF) ?

A
  • hepatic failure !
  • jaundice
  • gi upsetness
  • peripheral neuropathy (B6 def.) !
22
Q

what are some nursing interventions/ teaching for rifampin and isoniazid (INF) ?

A
  • monitor for compliance !
  • monitor liver function !
  • no alcohol !
  • urine/ body fluid discoloration
  • supplement vitamin B6 !
23
Q

contraindications/ interactions of rifampin

A

contraindicated in severe liver disease
- oral contraceptives !
- oral diabetic meds
- anticoagulants !

24
Q

contraindications/ interactions of isoniazid (INF) ?

A

contraindicated in severe liver disease
- foods high in tyramine ! (aged cheese, cured meats, aged wine) results in : HTN, tachycardia, and palpitations !
- anticoagulants !

25
Q

what drug class is Guaifenesin?

A

expectorants

26
Q

what is the mechanism of action for Guaifenesin?

A

increase the production of respiratory secretions to help clearance

27
Q

what do you use Guaifenesin for?

A

productive cough (facilitate airway clearance)

28
Q

what are some adverse reactions of Guaifenesin?

A
  • nausea , vomiting
  • dizziness
  • tracheal irritation
29
Q

what are some nursing interventions/teachings of taking Guaifenesin?

A
  • assess s/s and v/s
  • oxygenation status and lung sounds !
  • take with a full glass of water !
30
Q

what are contraindications of Guaifenesin?

A

use cautiously in patients with asthma!

31
Q

what drug class is acetylcysteine (nebulizer)?

A

mucolytic

32
Q

what is the mechanism of action for acetylcysteine?

A

reduce the viscosity of sputum by breaking up mucous

33
Q

what do you use acetylcysteine for?

A

chronic respiratory condition with excess mucus !

34
Q

what are some adverse reactions of acetylcysteine?

A
  • stomatitis (inhaled)
  • bronchospasm !
  • irritation of trachea and bronchi
  • nausea and vomiting
  • drowsiness
35
Q

what are some nursing considerations/ teachings of taking acetylcysteine?

A
  • medication is inhaled/nebulizer !
  • oral form is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity !
  • mouth care
  • take before chest PT !
  • effective cough
36
Q

contraindications of taking acetylcysteine?

A

not recommended in pt with asthma

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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