Chapter 15

Question 1

what are the main classes of opioids

Answer 1

• antagonists
  -agonists

Question 2

what are the two opioid agonists

Answer 2

morphine and meperdine

Question 3

what are the two opioid antagonists

Answer 3

naloxone

Question 4

what is the action of an opioid agonists

Answer 4

block perception of pain at site

Question 5

what are some examples of opioid agonists

Answer 5

• morphine
  -meperidine

Question 6

what is the action of opioid antagonists

Answer 6

competes with opiate receptor sites

Question 7

what are some examples of opioid antagonists

Answer 7

• naloxone

Question 8

what nervous system does opioids depress? what does it tx

Answer 8

CNS depression and respiratory depression
- tx of moderate to severe pain

Question 9

what are the adverse reactions of opioid analgesics (morphine/meperidine)?

Answer 9

-constipation, lowered gastric secretions, dry mouth
- bradycardia, hypotension
- urinary retention
-itching, rash
- respiratory depression, bradypnea, decreased cough
- drowsiness, sedation, euphoria

Question 10

opioid analgesics drug interactions

Answer 10

opioids increase CNS depressants if taken with
- alcohol
-antihistamines
- antidepressants
- sedatives

Question 11

PCA machine education for opioid analgesics

Answer 11

• lesser press on button means less pain episodes
• never allow someone to press button for client
• more effective if used with oral pain pills

Question 12

opioid analgesics implementation

Answer 12

monitor orthostatic hypotension assist with OOB
- use PO morphine for slower build up
- naloxone standby to reverse respiratory depression
- encourage deep breathing