Unit 8 Drugs Flashcards
what sulfonamide drugs are in this unit
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
what is the mechanism of action of Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
once bacteria growth slows the bodies defenses attack the organism
what are the adverse reactions of Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
- stomatitis !
- crystalluria/renal failure !
- steven-johnson syndrome
- anemia/ thrombocytopenia !
what are some management or teachings for Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
- Monitor CBC and BUN/Cr. !
- take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals !
- take med with 8 oz. of water !
- increase fluid intake - 2L/day !
what are some contraindications/interactions of Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
- anticoagulants- increased bleeding risk !
what is the penicillin drug in this unit ?
amoxicillin
what are the adverse reactions of amoxicillin
hypersensitivity !
- stomatitis/ glossitis !
what is the management/teachings for amoxicillin
- eat yogurt or probiotics !
- decreases effectiveness of BCP !
what cephalosporins drug is in this unit
cephalexin
what are some adverse reactions of cephalexin
- nephrotoxicity !
- steven-johnson syndrome !
what are some nursing management/teachings of cephalexin?
- take on an empty stomach 1 hour before meals !
- notify provider if you develop a rash !
what are some contraindications of cephalexin
PCN allergy !
what are the misc antibacterial agents drug in this unit
vancomycin (oral or IV)
what do you use vancomycin for ?
c. diff (oral) !
- reserved for serious infections !
what are some adverse reactions of vancomycin
- nephrotoxicity !
- ototoxicity- loss of hearing !
- red man syndrome !
what are some nursing management of taking vancomycin
administer IV doses slowly !
what are some interactions of vancomycin
anticoagulants- increased risk of bleeding !
what is the tetracyclines drug of this unit
tetracycline
what do you use tetracycline for
alternative to PCN !
what are some adverse reactions of tetracycline
- photosensitivity !
- gray tooth syndrome !
what are some patient teachings of tetracycline
- calcium, iron, or antacids- 2hrs apart !
- protect skin from sun !
- take on empty stomach with full glass of water !
what are some contraindications of tetracycline
- pregnant women and children under 8 !
- anticoagulants !
what is the aminoglycoside drug in this unit ?
gentamycin
what do you use gentamycin for ?
gentamycin- reserved for severe infections
what are some adverse reactions of gentamycin
- nephrotoxitcity !
- ototoxicity !
- neurotoxicity !
what are some nursing managements of taking gentamycin
- tinnitus, dizziness !
- gentamycin- peak and trough monitoring !
what are the contraindications of gentamycin
not for long term use !
what is the macrolide drug of this unit
azithromycin
what are the adverse drug reactions of azithromycin
- N/V/D !
- pseudomembranous colitis- diarrhea !
what is the patient teaching of taking azithromycin
take on an empty stomach !
what are the interactions of azithromycin
- anticoagulants- increased risk of bleeding !
what is the fluoroquinolones drug of this unit !
ciprofloxacin
what is the adverse reaction of ciprofloxacin
- tendon rupture !
- photosensitivity !
- neuropathy !
what are some management/teachings for ciprofloxacin
- monitor for rupture in px on corticosteroids !
- report any joint pain or tenderness !
- avoid dairy, calcium, antacids, and iron within 2hrs. of dose !
what is the contraindications of ciprofloxacin
- children under 18 !
what is the misc. anti-infective medication
metronidazole
what are the adverse reactions of metronidazole
- perpheral neuropathy !
- gi upset: metallic taste !
- dark urine !
what is a patient teaching of metronidazole
- avoid etoh for 48hrs after last dose !
what is the urinary medication of this unit
nitrofurantoin and phenzopyridine
what are the adverse reactions of nitrofurantoin and phenzopyridine
nitrofurantoin: neuropathy !
phenzopyridine: urine discoloration and nephrotoxicity !
what is the patient teachiing for nitrofurantoin and phenzopyridine
do not take phenzopyridine for more than 2 days- be sure to see MD for ABT !
what is the antiviral med of this unit
acyclovir
what are the adverse reactions of acyclovir
nausea !
- N/V/D !
what are the teaching for taking acyclovir
monitor renal function !
take at first onset of symptoms !
what are the antifungal and anti-parasitic drugs of this unit
fluconazole- oral
nystatin (topical, oral, vaginal, powder)
what are the adverse reactions of fluconazole and nystatin
rash !
what are the patient teachings of fluconazole and nystatin
- only apply as prescribed !
what are the contraindications of taking fluconazole and nystatin
liver failure !
