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Pharmacology > Unit 8 Drugs > Flashcards

Unit 8 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what sulfonamide drugs are in this unit

A

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

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2
Q

what is the mechanism of action of Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?

A

once bacteria growth slows the bodies defenses attack the organism

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3
Q

what are the adverse reactions of Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

A
  • stomatitis !
  • crystalluria/renal failure !
  • steven-johnson syndrome
  • anemia/ thrombocytopenia !
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4
Q

what are some management or teachings for Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

A
  • Monitor CBC and BUN/Cr. !
  • take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals !
  • take med with 8 oz. of water !
  • increase fluid intake - 2L/day !
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5
Q

what are some contraindications/interactions of Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

A
  • anticoagulants- increased bleeding risk !
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6
Q

what is the penicillin drug in this unit ?

A

amoxicillin

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7
Q

what are the adverse reactions of amoxicillin

A

hypersensitivity !
- stomatitis/ glossitis !

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8
Q

what is the management/teachings for amoxicillin

A
  • eat yogurt or probiotics !
  • decreases effectiveness of BCP !
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9
Q

what cephalosporins drug is in this unit

A

cephalexin

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10
Q

what are some adverse reactions of cephalexin

A
  • nephrotoxicity !
  • steven-johnson syndrome !
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11
Q

what are some nursing management/teachings of cephalexin?

A
  • take on an empty stomach 1 hour before meals !
  • notify provider if you develop a rash !
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12
Q

what are some contraindications of cephalexin

A

PCN allergy !

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13
Q

what are the misc antibacterial agents drug in this unit

A

vancomycin (oral or IV)

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14
Q

what do you use vancomycin for ?

A

c. diff (oral) !
- reserved for serious infections !

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15
Q

what are some adverse reactions of vancomycin

A
  • nephrotoxicity !
  • ototoxicity- loss of hearing !
  • red man syndrome !
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16
Q

what are some nursing management of taking vancomycin

A

administer IV doses slowly !

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17
Q

what are some interactions of vancomycin

A

anticoagulants- increased risk of bleeding !

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18
Q

what is the tetracyclines drug of this unit

A

tetracycline

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19
Q

what do you use tetracycline for

A

alternative to PCN !

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20
Q

what are some adverse reactions of tetracycline

A
  • photosensitivity !
  • gray tooth syndrome !
21
Q

what are some patient teachings of tetracycline

A
  • calcium, iron, or antacids- 2hrs apart !
  • protect skin from sun !
  • take on empty stomach with full glass of water !
22
Q

what are some contraindications of tetracycline

A
  • pregnant women and children under 8 !
  • anticoagulants !
23
Q

what is the aminoglycoside drug in this unit ?

A

gentamycin

24
Q

what do you use gentamycin for ?

A

gentamycin- reserved for severe infections

25
Q

what are some adverse reactions of gentamycin

A
  • nephrotoxitcity !
  • ototoxicity !
  • neurotoxicity !
26
Q

what are some nursing managements of taking gentamycin

A
  • tinnitus, dizziness !
  • gentamycin- peak and trough monitoring !
27
Q

what are the contraindications of gentamycin

A

not for long term use !

28
Q

what is the macrolide drug of this unit

A

azithromycin

29
Q

what are the adverse drug reactions of azithromycin

A
  • N/V/D !
  • pseudomembranous colitis- diarrhea !
30
Q

what is the patient teaching of taking azithromycin

A

take on an empty stomach !

31
Q

what are the interactions of azithromycin

A
  • anticoagulants- increased risk of bleeding !
32
Q

what is the fluoroquinolones drug of this unit !

A

ciprofloxacin

33
Q

what is the adverse reaction of ciprofloxacin

A
  • tendon rupture !
  • photosensitivity !
  • neuropathy !
34
Q

what are some management/teachings for ciprofloxacin

A
  • monitor for rupture in px on corticosteroids !
  • report any joint pain or tenderness !
  • avoid dairy, calcium, antacids, and iron within 2hrs. of dose !
35
Q

what is the contraindications of ciprofloxacin

A
  • children under 18 !
36
Q

what is the misc. anti-infective medication

A

metronidazole

37
Q

what are the adverse reactions of metronidazole

A
  • perpheral neuropathy !
  • gi upset: metallic taste !
  • dark urine !
38
Q

what is a patient teaching of metronidazole

A
  • avoid etoh for 48hrs after last dose !
39
Q

what is the urinary medication of this unit

A

nitrofurantoin and phenzopyridine

40
Q

what are the adverse reactions of nitrofurantoin and phenzopyridine

A

nitrofurantoin: neuropathy !
phenzopyridine: urine discoloration and nephrotoxicity !

41
Q

what is the patient teachiing for nitrofurantoin and phenzopyridine

A

do not take phenzopyridine for more than 2 days- be sure to see MD for ABT !

42
Q

what is the antiviral med of this unit

A

acyclovir

43
Q

what are the adverse reactions of acyclovir

A

nausea !
- N/V/D !

44
Q

what are the teaching for taking acyclovir

A

monitor renal function !
take at first onset of symptoms !

45
Q

what are the antifungal and anti-parasitic drugs of this unit

A

fluconazole- oral
nystatin (topical, oral, vaginal, powder)

46
Q

what are the adverse reactions of fluconazole and nystatin

A

rash !

47
Q

what are the patient teachings of fluconazole and nystatin

A
  • only apply as prescribed !
48
Q

what are the contraindications of taking fluconazole and nystatin

A

liver failure !

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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