Unit 8 Vocab Part One (late 1930s-early 1960s)

Question 1

Good Neighbor Policy

Answer 1

FDR, American troops out of foreign nations (esp Latin America)

Question 2

Neutrality Act of 1935

Answer 2

prohibited arms shipments and US travel on ships of belligerent nations

Question 3

Neutrality Act of 1936

Answer 3

forbade loan and credit extension to belligerent nations

Question 4

Neutrality Act of 1937

Answer 4

arms shipments not used in Spanish Civil War

Question 5

Neutrality Act of 1939

Answer 5

“cash-and-carry” basis for EU dem buying American war materials

Question 6

Lend-Lease Agreement

Answer 6

FDR authorized sale of surplus military equip while still being neutral

Question 7

Executive Order 9066

Answer 7

allowed internment camps to be set up to exclude residents seen as threat

Question 8

Dixiecrats

Answer 8

southern dem who seceded from party in 1948 in opp to its policy of extending civil rights

Question 9

Youngstown Sheet/Tube v. Sawyer

Answer 9

sc decision that limited the power of the President

Question 10

Fair Deal (Truman)

Answer 10

domestic reform policies, included civil rights legislation

Question 11

NSC 86

Answer 11

top secret policy paper, presented to Truman, one of most important American policy statements in the Cold War

Question 12

Munich Agreement (1938)

Answer 12

permitted Nazi Germany’s annexation of certain parts of Czechoslovakia

Question 13

Atlantic Charter

Answer 13

Churchill & FDR, promote democracy and intentions for improvement post WW2

Question 14

Korematsu v US

Answer 14

relocation of Japanese Americans during WW2, raised constitutionality of their internment as a wartime necessity

Question 15

Manhattan Project

Answer 15

developed first nuclear weapons during WW2, led by US w support of Canada and UK

Question 16

War Productions Board

Answer 16

supervised war production during WW2, FDR established it

Question 17

Zoot Suit Riots

Answer 17

series of brutal attacks, aimed toward Mexican-American teens involved in gangs

Question 18

Yalta Conference

Answer 18

Big 3 (FDR, Churchill, Stalin), dealt w/ postwar occupation and partition of Germany

Question 19

United Nations

Answer 19

replaced the League of Nations, new international peacekeeping organization, US joined which signaled end of isolationism

Question 20

NATO

Answer 20

North Atlantic Treaty Organization- defended dem nations of Western EU by using “collective security”

Question 21

Warsaw Pact

Answer 21

communist alliance that the USSR led against NATO

Question 22

Truman Doctrine

Answer 22

speech about military and economic aid to nations “at risk” of falling

Question 23

“containment”/ George Kennan

Answer 23

official US policy toward communism, idea that US must prevent spread of communism

Question 24

Marshall Plan

Answer 24

American initiative to aid Western Europe

Question 25

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Answer 25

American citizens who spied for the Soviet Union, they were later executed

Question 26

U-2 incident

Answer 26

spy plan caught over the Soviet Union, embarrassed the US