Unit 6 Vocab Part One (1870s-early 1910s)

Question 1

American Federation of Labor

Answer 1

founder= Samuel Gompers, alliance of skilled workers, focused on “bread and butter” issues

Question 2

Gospel of Wealth

Answer 2

article written by Andrew Carnegie, described the responsibility of philanthropy

Question 3

Social Darwinism

Answer 3

Rich were rich and poor were poor due to natural selection in society

Question 4

Horizontal integration

Answer 4

elimination of competitors

Question 5

Vertical integration

Answer 5

gaining control of production and distribution process

Question 6

Samuel Gompers

Answer 6

started AFL= American Federation of Labor in 1886

Question 7

Eugene V. Debs

Answer 7

led the Pullman strike

Question 8

Pullman Strike

Answer 8

Nationwide railroad strike where Pullman cars were stopped to demand higher wages

Question 9

“robber barons”

Answer 9

business owners who make profit by paying employees low wages

Question 10

Atlanta Compromise

Answer 10

Speech made by Booker T. Washington, outlined philosophy that blacks should focus on economic gains

Question 11

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 11

Case which the Jim Crow laws were upheld, “separate but equal”

Question 12

Farmers Alliance

Answer 12

Farmer organizations that wanted to get rid of debt, poverty and low crop prices by educating and mobilizing men and women

Question 13

The Grangers

Answer 13

Organized by Oliver H. Kelley, wanted to break hold of RR owners and middlemen

Question 14

Jim Crow laws

Answer 14

Written to separate blacks and whites in public areas

Question 15

“Boss” Tweed (William Tweed)

Answer 15

lead of Tammany Hall, he stole up to 200m from the general public in 6 years and ended up in jail

Question 16

“bread and butter unionism”

Answer 16

Unions should focus on improving working conditions and pay for skilled workersused by AFL

Question 17

“new immigrants”

Answer 17

1880s, immigrant wave from southern and eastern Europe

Question 18

Populist Party

Answer 18

former Grangers, Omaha Platform (1892)end bc of Dem. support, Bryan’s loss and improving farm prices

Question 19

Booker T. Washington

Answer 19

former slave, promoted education and economic opportunity for blacks

Question 20

W.E.B Du Bois

Answer 20

wanted immediate implementation of African American rights

Question 21

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Answer 21

prohibited monopolies and trusts that hindered competition

Question 22

settlement houses

Answer 22

neighborhood center in impoverished areas, helped transition to US society

Question 23

Jane Addams and Hull House

Answer 23

Chicago, many settlement houses modeled after it (women activism and help out poor)

Question 24

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 24

“Cross of Gold” speech which favored free silver