Unit 4 Vocab (1810s-1840s)

Question 1

“Cult of Domesticity”

Answer 1

women= stay at home and no work outside of home

Question 2

2nd Great Awakening

Answer 2

religious movement which led to reform movements designed to remedy the evils of society

Question 3

Whig Party

Answer 3

formed against Andrew Jackson

- liked bank of US, liked high tariffs and they wanted social reform

Question 4

Samuel Slater

Answer 4

“Father of American Industrial Revolution”

Question 5

Force Bill

Answer 5

authorized Jackson to use the army and navy to collect duties on the tariffs

Question 6

Alexis de Tocqueville

Answer 6

french, his book discusses the advantage of democracy and consequences of the majority’s unlimited power

Question 7

Rush-Bagot treaty

Answer 7

demilitarization of the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain

Question 8

Perfectionism

Answer 8

Americans believed perfection could be achieved so they did movements to make America perfect

Question 9

Era of Good Feeling

Answer 9

name of president Monroe’s two terms:

period of strong nationalism, economic growth, etc.

Question 10

Jacksonian Democracy

Answer 10

the idea of spreading political power to the people, ensuring majority rule, “common man”

Question 11

Henry Clay

Answer 11

supporter of the American System, senator from KY , a war hawk, known as the “Great Compromiser”

Question 12

“nullification crisis”

Answer 12

declared federal tariffs were unconstitutional which made them “null and void” to SC

Question 13

John C. Calhoun

Answer 13

VP under Andrew Jackson; he was an advocate of free trade, states’ rights, limited gov.

Question 14

Erie Canal

Answer 14

connected the Hudson River and the Great Lakes (1825)

Question 15

National Road

Answer 15

first national road building project funded by Congress

Question 16

Maysville Road veto

Answer 16

bill that was vetoed by Jackson because he disliked Clay

Question 17

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 17

Europe shouldn’t interfere in affairs within the US or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere

Question 18

Nat Turner

Answer 18

led the most famous slave revolt in US history

Question 19

Transcendentalism

Answer 19

liked to live a simple life and find nature

Question 20

“pet banks”

Answer 20

state banks where Andrew Jackson put deposits to avoid the national banks

Question 21

The Bank War

Answer 21

Jackson wanted to destroy the second bank in the US

Question 22

Spoils System

Answer 22

method of appointing officials to the government based on connections rather than on impersonal measures of merit

Question 23

Hayne-Webster debate

Answer 23

argument between Daniel Webster and Robert Hayne about states’ right versus national power

Question 24

Cotton gin

Answer 24

removed seeds from the cotton

Question 25

Mormons (migration)

Answer 25

they were persecuted and migrated to western states

Question 26

Horace Mann

Answer 26

developed public schools

Question 27

Seneca Falls Convention

Answer 27

launched the women suffrage movement

Question 28

Dorothea Dix

Answer 28

spoke against inhumane treatment of insane prisoners

Question 29

Lowell, MA

Answer 29

factory town (Lowell Girls)

Question 30

Texas Revolution

Answer 30

war between Texas settlers who tried to crush the Texas revolt

Question 31

James K. Polk

Answer 31

president who was an opponent of manifest destiny, democrat

Question 32

Bear Flag Revolt

Answer 32

a small group of American settlers in CA rebelled against the Mexican government and proclaimed CA an independent republic, short lived

Question 33

Mexican Cession

Answer 33

historical name for the region of the Southwestern US that was ceded to the US by Mexico

Question 34

Gadsden Purchase

Answer 34

the land the US bought create AZ and NM and was wanted to build a railroad

Question 35

Missouri Compromise

Answer 35

``` Missouri= slave state Maine= free state ```

Question 36

Indian Removal Act

Answer 36

let Andrew Jackson negotiate land-exchange treaties w/ tribes living east of Miss.

Question 37

American System

Answer 37

adoption of a high protective tariff and developing internal improvements to promote industry

Question 38

Manifest Destiny

Answer 38

Americans felt that the US should expand from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean, god-given right to the land

Question 39

Nativism

Answer 39

favoring natives rather than immigrants

Question 40

Know-Nothing Party

Answer 40

extend period of nationalization, keep illegal aliens out of the country