Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Surg 1 Semester > Unit 8 Med surg > Flashcards

Unit 8 Med surg Flashcards

1
Q

What is Immunity

A

When the body is protected from infectious agents by a physiological process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is inflammation?

A

An immunological defense against tissue injury, infection, or allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Notice risk factors for altered immune functioning

A

Age
Not immunized
Environmental (water/food quality)
Chronic illnesses
Medical treatments
Genetics
High-risk behavior and substance abuse
Pregnancy
Race

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are risk factors for inflammation?

A

Genetics
Old and young
Diseases such as RA, diabetes, atherosclerosis
Poor hand hygiene, sanitation, and nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Review the pathophysiology of anaphylaxis.

A

Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction causing bronchoconstriction and vasodilation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Recognize cues of anaphylaxis.

A

Hypotension
Tachycardia
Edema
Swelling
Hives
Stridor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe emergency care of the client with anaphylaxis.

A

Assess ABCs
Listen for stridor or wheezes
Apply oxygen
Stop medication and change IV tubing
Hang NS
Give medication
Raise HOB to 45 degree (only 10 degrees if BP is low)
Raise feet/legs
CONTINUALLY REASSESS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What medication can help with anaphylaxis?

A

Famotidine
Antihistamines
Albuterol
Corticosteroids
Epinephrine – lack of administering epinephrine is leading cause of death in anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the doses for epinephrine?

A

0.3-0.5mL/ dose
1:1000 IM/SQ
1:10,000 IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Provide client education on the use of epi-pens.

A

Expiration date on calendar
Always have 2 EpiPens
Hold for 3 seconds after injection
Call 911 and go to hospital
Increases your BP and HR
Might need more than 1 dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the risk factors for peptic ulcer disease.

A

Caffeine
Steroids
NSAIDs
Intubated
Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Review the different types of peptic ulcers

A

Gastric, stress, and duodenal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the cues of gastric ulcer?

A

Pain occurs 30-60 min after eating
Less pain at night
Eating makes pain worse
Malnourishment
Hematemesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the cues of a duodenal ulcer?

A

Pain 1.5-3hrs after eating
Awaken at night with pain
Pain relieved when eating
Well-nourished
Melena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Recognize the complications of peptic ulcers.

A

Perforation/hemorrhage (vomiting blood, low BP, high HR, weak fast pulses, low LOC (vertigo, confusion))
Pernicious anemia (pallor, glossitis, fatigue, paresthesias)
Dumping syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Immediate intervention for peptic ulcers.

A

Give 2 antibiotics and 1 proton pump inhibitor (metronidazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline; anything that ends with prazole is a PPI)
Eliminate H. Pylori infection
Heal ulcerations (don’t take NSAIDS

17
Q

Recognize cues peptic ulcers.

A

Epigastric pain (dull, gnawing)
Dyspepsia (heartburn, bloating, n/v)
Bloody stool and/or vomit
Weight loss

18
Q

Discuss interventions for peptic ulcers.

A

Continue antibiotics
Endoscopic follow-up examination (3-6 months after)
Avoid NSAIDs
Stop smoking and alcohol consumption
Encourage 6 small meals
Educate patient

19
Q

Describe acute vs chronic cholecystitis.

A

Acute is more common
Chronic is seen in young, athletic women

20
Q

Risk factors for cholecystitis.

A

Fat
Forty
Fertile
Female
Native American, Mexican American, Caucasians
Type 2 Diabetes
Pregnancy
Genetics
Jaundice

21
Q

Recognize cues of cholecystitis.

A

Right shoulder/Abdominal pain after fatty meal
Belching
Flatulence
Dark urine
Steatorrhea
Jaundice
Obstruction of duct (tachycardia, paleness, diaphoretic)

22
Q

Describe interventions for cholecystitis.

A

Administer pain medication (ketorolac and opioids)
Nausea medication and IV ABX
Lap Chole – removal of gallbladder
Open Chole for severe obstruction

23
Q

What things should a nurse know for Lap Chole?

A

NPO before surgery
Watch O2 stats post-op
Have patients ambulate
Avoid fatty foods

24
Q

Discuss the risk factors of urolithiasis.

A

White
Obese
Gout
Diabetes
Crohn’s
Hyperparathyroidism
Urinary tract obstruction
GI problems
High sodium diet
FAMILY HISTORY

25
Q

Recognize cues of urolithiasis.

A

Flank pain
Hypertension
Low HP
N/V
Pale
Diaphoretic
Dysuria
Oliguria or anuria
Pacing
Hematuria (ask about menstrual period)

26
Q

Discuss the treatment of urolithiasis.

A

Get UA
Pain relief, start IV, give ketorolac and opioids
Oxybutynin
Flomax
ABX
Thiazide or allopurinol
Hydration
Lithotripsy (shock waves break up stones)
Stent

Med Surg 1 Semester (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions