Unit 11

Question 1

Describe nursing actions for a client who had a total mastectomy with lymph node dissection

Answer 1

Monitor for drainage
Don’t use arm
Take VS
HOB at 30 degrees, affected arm on pillow to elevate
Mediation and repositioning until pain stops

Question 2

Notice risk factors that place individuals at risk for thermoregulation and cellular regulation problems.

Answer 2

Cognitive impairment
Malnourishment
Traumatic brain injury
Genetics
Environmental exposures
Diabetes
Heart failure

Question 3

Recognize when an individual has problems with thermoregulation and signs of cellular regulation problems.

Answer 3

Hypo: cool, pale skin; shivering; sluggish thoughts; dysrhythmias
Hyper: seizurers; confusion

Question 4

What are the consequences of impaired thermoregulation

Answer 4

Hypo: vasoconstricts and then dilates at the end (burst of warmth)
Hyper: low BP, high HR, dehydration, low perfusion, organ necrosis

Question 5

Discuss risk factors for breast cancer

Answer 5

High economic status (kids later in life, more alcohol)
Age (>65)
Family history
Breast density
Hormone replacement therapy
Lack of physical activity
Jewism heritage

Question 6

What can clients do to decrease colon cancer risk?

Answer 6

Decrease smoking and alcohol use
Decrease fat, low-fiber, and refined carb foods
Get tested regularly for FAP and lymph syndrome

Question 7

Discuss those at risk for heat-related illnesses.

Answer 7

Geographic location
Exercising
Age
Occupation
Burn victims
Drug users

Question 8

Compare and contrast fever vs hyperthermia.

Answer 8

Fever: 101, response to infection
Hyperthermia: 104 degree, body response to change in environment when natural cooling mechanisms aren’t enough

Question 9

WHEN SHOULD ANTIPYRETICS BE USED?

Answer 9

Only in a fever

Question 10

Recognize cues of hyperthermia.

Answer 10

Elevated body temp
Hot/dry skin
Mental status changes
Low BP, tachycardia, and increased RR
Abnormal clotting
Decreased renal function
Pulmonary edema
Crackles
Electrolyte imbalance (hyperkalemia)
Little to none urine output

Question 11

Discuss interventions for hyperthermia.

Answer 11

Administer 15L on NRB
Watch output throught a catheter
Monitor VS every 15 min
Renal tremp every 15 min
Cooling interventions

Question 12

What is normal creatinine values?

Answer 12

0.6-1.2

Question 13

What is a normal urine gravity? What do the values mean?

Answer 13

1.005-1.030 (lower is dilute and higher is dehydrated)

Question 14

What is key for breast cancer?

Answer 14

Prevention

Question 15

Discuss ostomy care, including when to empty the ostomy bag

Answer 15

Assess skin
Empty when 1/3-1/2 full
Educate patient and family about care
Assess stoma (red, beefy, moist)
Increase fluids
Monitor for bleeding

Question 16

Describe the risk factors for BPH.

Answer 16

Male
Age
Race (blacks and hispanic)
Family hx
Diet
Coffee and caffeine
Smoking/alcohol
Diet (high fat, protein and carb; low fiber)

Question 17

Discuss the non-surgical management of BPH

Answer 17

Avoid drinking large amounts at a singular time
Limit caffiene and alcohol
Avoid urinary retention
Give doxazosin, finasteride
Frequent sexual activity

Question 18

Discuss the surgical management of BPH.

Answer 18

TURP

Question 19

Dissuss management of continuous bladder irrgation after a TURP

Answer 19

Maintain the flow to keep urine clear, use a 3-way catheter

Question 20

Discuss methods for early detection of breast cancer.

Answer 20

mammography, ultracsound, MRI
Self-examnation
Clinical breaet examination

Question 21

When should a patient get screening for breast cancer

Answer 21

If a family member has been diagnose, start going at 10 yrs earlier than the ag eewhen diagnosed

Question 22

What is the only way to definitively diagnose breast cancer?

Answer 22

breast biopsy

Question 23

Discuss management of breast cancer and nursing interventions for the client postoperatively.

Answer 23

Hormone therapy
Radiation/chemo
Surgeries
Complementary and integrative therapy (prayer, vitamins, aromatherapy)
Doxorubucin (given to reduce reoccurance of breast cancer

Question 24

Discuss the risk factors for colon cancer.

Answer 24

DIET (high fat, low fiber)
Age
Family hx
Smoking, alcohol
physical inactivity
African-American
crohns
Familial adenomatous polypoosis (FAP)

Question 25

Recognize cues of of colon cancer.

Answer 25

changes in bowel elimination (blood present, change in consistency)
Abdominal pain
Abnormal fullness
Fatigue
Unintentional weight loss
ANEMIA, RECTAL BLEEDING, AND CHAGNE IN STOOL CONSISTENCY OR SHAPE

Question 26

Describe the management of colon cancer.

Answer 26

Radiation therapy for regional control
Chemotherapy for stage 2 or 3
Bevacizumab (drug blocks blood from reaching tumor, limiting growth)
Surgical removement of tumor

Question 27

What is the consitency of stool depending on placement of ostomy bag?

Answer 27

Ascending = liquid
Trans = pasty
Descending/sig = formed

Question 28

What should you do for abnormal clotting with TURP?

Answer 28

get vitals, irrigate the cath, notify provider

Question 29

What should you do for TURP syndrome?

Answer 29

Notify provider, decrease irrrigation

Question 30

How do you calculate output for a 3 way cath?

Answer 30

Output (incath) - irrigation fluid used = true output