Unit 1

Question 1

What is the concept of functional ability

Answer 1

An individuals ability to perform I-ADL’s and B-ADL’s

Question 2

When does functional ability impairment exists

Answer 2

Cognitive and sensory impairment

Question 3

What are appropriate interventions to optimize functional ability and minimize complications

Answer 3

PT, OT, and Speech Therapy

Question 4

What is the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease

Answer 4

Degeneration of the substantia nigra resulting in decreased dopamine production

Question 5

What are the risk factors of Parkinson’s disease

Answer 5

Male
Over 50
Genetic
Environmental Factors
Lewy bodies cause dementia

Question 6

What does SMART stand for in Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 6

Shuffle gait
Mask-like face
Akinesia
Rigidity
Tremors

Question 7

What are cues of Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 7

Stooped posture
Slow, shuffling gait
Tremor/pill rolling
Bradykinesia
Emotional changes

Question 8

What are interventions for Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 8

Administer medication on time
30 degree bed angle
Maintain mobility
Be patient and give them time
Skin care

Question 9

What type of medication is used with Parkinson’s disease

Answer 9

Dopamine agonist - sinemet
Levodopa-carbadopa
MAOIs
Anticholinergics

Question 10

What is client teaching for Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 10

Safety!
Sleep and hygiene maintenance
Promote independence
Watch for caregiver strain/burnout

Question 11

What is the pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 11

An immune-mediated attack or infection destroys the myelin sheath. Affects the nerve cells in the CNS which can result in impaired and worsening function of voluntary muscles

Question 12

What will the MRI show in MS?

Answer 12

Plaque build-up

Question 13

What are the risk factors of MS?

Answer 13

Age 20-50
Female
Family hx
Cold climate
Infectious agents
Pregnancy

Question 14

What are cues of MS?

Answer 14

Fatigue
Double vision
Dysphagia
Muscle weakness

Question 15

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer to the patient?

Answer 15

Levodopa/Carbidopa

Question 16

What foods do not interact well with MAOIs?

Answer 16

Cheese
Wine
Pickled Foods

Question 17

What should the nurse teach to a client’s family who has Parkinson’s diseasse?

Answer 17

Provide client supervision

Question 18

What are nursing interventions of MS?

Answer 18

AMintain safe envioronment
PT, OT, Speech Theerapy
Reposition Q2hrs
Reduce risk of aspiration
Body temp and stress (no extremes)
Maintain independence

Question 19

What are pharmacological management of MS?

Answer 19

Interferon beta 1a and 1b - avoid crowds
Natalizumab (Tysabri) - monitor for mental status changes
Methylprednisolone - tx acute exacerbations
Baclofen - tx spasticity

Question 20

What is ALS?

Answer 20

chronic neurologic disease of unknown cause causing progressive muscle weakness and wasting

Question 21

What are cues of ALS?

Answer 21

atrophy
weakness
dysphagia
dysarthria
gait issues
respiratory compromise

Question 22

What are interventions for ALS?

Answer 22

supportive/palliative care
advanced directive when respiratory failure happens