Unit 1 Flashcards
What is the concept of functional ability
An individuals ability to perform I-ADL’s and B-ADL’s
When does functional ability impairment exists
Cognitive and sensory impairment
What are appropriate interventions to optimize functional ability and minimize complications
PT, OT, and Speech Therapy
What is the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease
Degeneration of the substantia nigra resulting in decreased dopamine production
What are the risk factors of Parkinson’s disease
Male
Over 50
Genetic
Environmental Factors
Lewy bodies cause dementia
What does SMART stand for in Parkinson’s disease?
Shuffle gait
Mask-like face
Akinesia
Rigidity
Tremors
What are cues of Parkinson’s disease?
Stooped posture
Slow, shuffling gait
Tremor/pill rolling
Bradykinesia
Emotional changes
What are interventions for Parkinson’s disease?
Administer medication on time
30 degree bed angle
Maintain mobility
Be patient and give them time
Skin care
What type of medication is used with Parkinson’s disease
Dopamine agonist - sinemet
Levodopa-carbadopa
MAOIs
Anticholinergics
What is client teaching for Parkinson’s disease?
Safety!
Sleep and hygiene maintenance
Promote independence
Watch for caregiver strain/burnout
What is the pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis
An immune-mediated attack or infection destroys the myelin sheath. Affects the nerve cells in the CNS which can result in impaired and worsening function of voluntary muscles
What will the MRI show in MS?
Plaque build-up
What are the risk factors of MS?
Age 20-50
Female
Family hx
Cold climate
Infectious agents
Pregnancy
What are cues of MS?
Fatigue
Double vision
Dysphagia
Muscle weakness
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer to the patient?
Levodopa/Carbidopa
What foods do not interact well with MAOIs?
Cheese
Wine
Pickled Foods
What should the nurse teach to a client’s family who has Parkinson’s diseasse?
Provide client supervision
What are nursing interventions of MS?
AMintain safe envioronment
PT, OT, Speech Theerapy
Reposition Q2hrs
Reduce risk of aspiration
Body temp and stress (no extremes)
Maintain independence
What are pharmacological management of MS?
Interferon beta 1a and 1b - avoid crowds
Natalizumab (Tysabri) - monitor for mental status changes
Methylprednisolone - tx acute exacerbations
Baclofen - tx spasticity
What is ALS?
chronic neurologic disease of unknown cause causing progressive muscle weakness and wasting
What are cues of ALS?
atrophy
weakness
dysphagia
dysarthria
gait issues
respiratory compromise
What are interventions for ALS?
supportive/palliative care
advanced directive when respiratory failure happens
