Unit 8 Flashcards

1
Q

disparities in the academic accomplishments of different kinds of students

A

achievement gaps

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2
Q

a form of bias in which adult characteristics are attributed to children

A

adultification

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2
Q

widespread and enduring practices that persistently disadvantage some kinds of people while advantaging others

A

institutional discrimination

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2
Q

A woman can become caught in a bind where, no matter what she chooses to think, say, or do, a bar puts difficulties in her path

A

oppression as a bird cage

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2
Q

prejudice against and discrimination toward people with dark skin compared to those with light skin, regardless of race

A

colorism

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2
Q

residential segregation so extreme that many people’s daily lives involve little or no contact with people of other races

A

hypersegregation

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2
Q

a disadvantage that builds over time

A

cumulative disadvantage

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2
Q

advantage that builds over time

A

cumulative advantage

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2
Q

advantage and disadvantage that is passed from parents to children

A

intergenerational advantage

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3
Q

an extremely high rate of imprisonment in cross-cultural and historical perspective

A

mass incarceration

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4
Q

a disadvantage that carries across generations

A

intergenerational disadvantage

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4
Q

an extremely high rate of deportation in cross-cultural and historical perspective

A

mass deportation

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5
Q

the practice of exposing racial and ethnic minorities to more toxins and pollutants than White people

A

environmental racism

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6
Q

“Not in My Back Yard,” a term originating in the United States to describe the arguments of those opposing development in their vicinity while not necessarily against similar development elsewhere.

A

NIMBY politics

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6
Q

a society where jobs and pay are allocated based on an individual’s talent and achievements rather than social status.

A

meritocracy

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7
Q

a research method in which data are layered onto a landscape divided into finegrained segments

A

spatial analysis

7
Q

a term that refers to a society’s production of unjust outcomes for some racial or ethnic groups

8
Q

the sorting of different types of people into separate neighborhoods

A

residential segregation

8
Q

a practice of refusing loans to or steeply overcharging anyone buying in poor and minority neighborhoods

8
Q

contractual agreements that forbids the purchase, lease, or occupation of a piece of property by a particular group of people, usually African Americans

A

restrictive covenants

9
Q

places that lack beneficial or critical amenities

A

resource deserts

9
Q

unequal distribution of academic resources, including but not limited to school funding, qualified and experienced teachers, books, and technologies, to socially excluded communities

A

school inequality

10
Q

a practice of disciplining and punishing children and youth in school that routes them out of education and into the criminal justice system

A

school-to-prison pipeline

11
Q

an illegal practice of trying to induce members of a specific race to purchase property in neighborhoods that are composed primarily of their same race

11
institutional discrimination that injures the body and mind
structural violence
11
the practice of placing students in different classrooms according to their perceived ability
tracking
12
a phenomenon in which white people start leaving a neighborhood when minority residents begin to move in
White flight
13
a phenomenon in which people are positively or negatively served across multiple institutions
cross-institutional advantage and disadvantage