Unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

widespread normlessness or a weakening of or alienation from social rules

A

anomie

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2
Q

a society’s shared understanding of right or wrong

A

collective conscience

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3
Q

a condition in which 40 percent or more of the residents in an area live below the federal poverty line

A

concentrated poverty

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4
Q

when we attempt to shift the blame away from us and instead focus on those who condemn us

A

condemnation of the condemners

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4
Q

the ideas that societies aren’t characterized by shared interests but competing ones

A

conflict theory

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5
Q

compliance with standards, rules, or laws

A

conformity

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5
Q

the process by which behaviors and individuals are transformed into crime and criminals”. Previously legal acts may be transformed into crimes by legislation

A

criminalization

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6
Q

occurs when an individual recognizes that their behavior is unacceptable

A

denial of injury

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7
Q

We acknowledge doing the behavior considered wrong, but we claim that we had no choice—that we had to do or we were forced to do so

A

denial of responsibility

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8
Q

when an individual causes harm to another but believe that person deserved it.

A

denial of the victim

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9
Q

a term used to describe data that are applicable

A

generalizable

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9
Q

behaviors and beliefs that violate social expectations and attract negative sanctions

A

deviance

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10
Q

the idea that we need to be recruited into and taught criminal behavior by people in our social networks.

A

differential association theory

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11
Q

sociological analysis based on historical data sources

A

historical sociology

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11
Q
A

innovation

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11
Q

the process in which conditions and behaviors are labeled and treated as medical issues

A

medicalization

11
Q

the process of assigning a deviant identity to an individual

11
Q

a theory about how labels that are applied to us influence our behavior

A

labeling theory

12
Q

the instance of deviance that first attracts a deviant label

A

primary deviance

12
Q

an individual rejecting socially acceptable goals and means while replacing them with socially unacceptable goals and means

12
Q

the idea that deviance is facilitated by the development of culturally resonant rationales for rule-breaking

A

neutralization theory

12
Q

when someone rejects the traditional goals of the larger societal culture but accepts the means by which the goals are achieved

13
Q

the tendency of some people to withdraw from the society of which they are a part, rejecting both the goals and the means of achieving those goals

A

retreatism

14
Q

the subset of the population from which data will be populated

15
further instances of deviance prompted by the receipt of the deviant label
secondary deviance
16
the idea that deviance is more common in dysfunctional neighborhoods
social disorganization theory
17
the range of life structure and reliable routine that is protective against further situational hazards and helps maintain connections with social resources and societal expectations
social stability
17
a condition in which wealth power and prestige are most readily available to people with privileged social identities
social inequality
18
an attribute, behavior, or reputation which is socially discrediting in a particular way: it causes an individual to be mentally classified by others in an undesirable, rejected stereotype rather than in an accepted, normal one.
stigmatization
19
the idea that deviance is caused by a tension between widely valued goals and peoples ability to attain them.
strain theory
20
a research method that involves inviting individuals to complete a questionnaire designed to collect analyzable data
survey
20
a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status during his occupation.
white collar crime