UNIT 6 OPPORTUNISTIC

Question 1

rare human isolate,
uncommonly associated with keratitis.

Answer 1

BEAUVERIA

Question 2

1. Beauveria
2. Crhysosporium
3. Fusarium
4. Geotrionum
5. Purpureocillum
6. Scopulariosis
7. Trichoderma

Answer 2

SEPTATE AND HYALINE

Question 3

This fungus is a known insect pathogen
Found worldwide on vegatative and in soil.

Answer 3

Beauveria

Question 4

Abundant, single-celled, tear-shaped
sympoduloconidia are formed on sympodulae

Conidiophores
○ May cluster in sole isolates to form radial
tufts

Answer 4

Beauveria

Question 5

Hyaline, moderately rapidly growing
● Fluffy colonies and sometimes developing a powdery

Answer 5

Beauveria

Question 6

have
been recovered from nails and skin lesions.

Answer 6

Chrysosporium

Question 7

pneumonia and osteomyelitis in immunocompromised
patients.

Answer 7

Chrysosporium zonatum

Question 8

Simple, wide-based, single-cell are produced on
non-specialized cells
● Conidiogenous cells disintegrate or break to release
Conidia.
● Both arthroconidia and aleuria conidia may be seen.

Answer 8

Chryosporium

Question 9

Hyaline with a moderate growth rate with age can
develop
● light shades of pink, gray, or tan pigment

Answer 9

Chryosporium

Question 10

frequently seen in mycotic keratitis.

Contact lenses

Answer 10

Fusarium

Question 11

In bone marrow transplant recipients with infections
caused by fusaria, the mortality rate approaches 100%

Answer 11

Fusarium

Question 12

Abundant; produces on vegetative hyphae
○ Banana or canoe shaped ; multi celled
○ Formed singly, small clusters or clustered
together in mats termed sporodochia.

Answer 12

Fusarium

Question 13

Fusarium is a rapidly growing hyaline fungus that can
develop various colors with age, ranging from rose to
mauve to purple to yellow

Answer 13

Fusarium

Question 14

pulmonary
diseases in immunocompromised patients.

Answer 14

Geotrichum

Question 15

Arthroconidia
○ Abundant; formed from vegatative hyphae
○ Occurs singly or may be branched

White to cream and yeastlike

Answer 15

Geotrichum

Question 16

Confused with Trichosporon spp.

Answer 16

Geotrichum

Question 17

cutaneous and
subcutaneous infections

Answer 17

Purpureocillium

Question 18

Can be mistaken for Penicillium spp.

Answer 18

Purpureocillum

Question 19

Can be mistaken for Penicillium spp.

Answer 19

Purpureocillum

Question 20

generally longer and more
obviously tapered
■ may be singly formed or arranged
in a verticillate pattern
■ Long chains of spindle-shaped or
somewhat cylindric conidia are
formed

Answer 20

Phialises of purpureocillum

Question 21

Grow rapidly
● Flat , granular to velvety colonies
● Shade of tan, brownish gold or mauve
● Green or blue-green colors are not seen

Answer 21

Purpureocillum

Green trichoderma

Question 22

nail
specimens and have been implicated in pulmonary
disease in immunocompromised patients.

Answer 22

Scopulariopsis spp

Question 23

Conidiospores
● Conidia
○ Occur singularly or can be in clusters
○ Formed from annelides which increase in
length as conidia
○ Truncate–based conidia tend to remain in
chains on the annelides

Answer 23

Scopulariopsis

Question 24

Pulmonary and skin infections in
immunocompromised hosts.

Answer 24

Trichoderma spo

Question 25

Rapidly growing and form hyaline hyphae that give rise to yellow-green to green patches of conidia formed on cluster of tapering phialides ○ Remain clustered in balls at the phialides tips

Answer 25

Trichoderma

Question 26

1. Alternaria 2. Auerobasidium 3. Chaetomium 4. Cladosporium 5. Curvularia 6. Phoma 7. Pithomycus 8. Ulocladium

Answer 26

SEPTATE AND PHAEOID

Question 27

Rhpdotorula spp.

Answer 27

AGENTS OF YEAST

Question 28

chronic fungal sinusitis

Answer 28

Alternaria

Question 29

Are found worldwide on grasses and leaves. ● It has been implicated in tomato rot and are readily recovered from the environment in air-setting plates.

Answer 29

Alternaria

Question 30

Short conidiophores bearing conidia in chain that lengthen in an acropetal fashion ○ Multicelled conidia have angular cross walls and taper toward the distal end

Answer 30

Alternaria

Question 31

contaminated dialysis lines, catheters and similar devices.

Answer 31

Auerobasidium

Question 32

recovered from blood, tissues and abscesses.

Answer 32

Aureobasidium

Question 33

Recovered worldwide primarily in wet environments such as from shower tiles and water lines.

Answer 33

Aureobasidium

Question 34

Arthroconidia are responsible for the darkening colony morphology

Answer 34

Aureo

Question 35

reported in the brains of patients with CNS disease. ● Several of these patients have been identified as intravenous drug abusers. ● Found in the environment and have a predilection for cellulose products.

Answer 35

Chaetomium

Question 36

Known to devastate printed literature and library holdings ● associated with problems in indoor air quality.

Answer 36

Chaetomium

Question 37

Pineapple shaped and ornamented with straight or curled hairs or setae.

Answer 37

Chaetomium and curvularia

Question 38

Numerous perithecia ○ Pineapple shaped and ornamented with straight or curled hairs or setae. ○ Asci contained within the perithecia are evanescent

Answer 38

Chaetomium

Question 39

At maturity, the pigmented, lemon-shaped ascospores are released within the perithecium

Answer 39

Chaetomium

Question 40

Dirty gray and become phaeoid with age

Answer 40

Chaetomium

Question 41

are primarily recovered as laboratory contaminants.

Answer 41

Cladosporium

Question 42

typically confined to sinuses or following traumatic inoculation. ● Ubiquitous in nature and this isolate can be recovered from almost any location in the world.

Answer 42

Clado

Question 43

Erect and can branch into several conidiogenous cells ○ Spherical to ovoid conidia form blastically on the end of each previously formed conidium

Answer 43

CLADO

Question 44

Branched conidium-bearing cells may dislodge and the three scars on each of these cells give them the appearance of shield.

Answer 44

Clado

Question 45

Slowly to moderately growing phaeoid fungi ● Granular velvety to fluffy ● Olive to brown or black

Answer 45

Clado

Question 46

chronic sinusitis in immunocompetent patients.

Answer 46

Curvularia

Question 47

Multicelled that produced on sympodial conidiophores

Answer 47

Curvularia

Question 48

Easiest to identify because of the frequently seen crescent-shaped conidia with three to five cells of unequal size and an enlarged central cell.

Answer 48

Curvularia

Question 49

Rapidly growing phaeoid colony ● Cottony and dirty ● Gray to black

Answer 49

Curvularia

Question 50

usually secondary to traumatic inoculation.

Answer 50

PHOMA AND PITHOMYCES

Question 51

Appear as black fruiting bodies that are globose and lined inside with short conidiophore

Answer 51

Pycnidia of phoma

Question 52

Large numbers of hyaline conidia are generated in pycnidium and flow out of a small apical pore.

Answer 52

Phoma

Question 53

Somewhat barrel shaped ○ Formed singly on simple short condiophores

Answer 53

Pithomyces

Question 54

sometimes implicated in subcutaneous infections, usually following traumatic inoculation

Answer 54

Ulocladium

Question 55

Conidiophore ○ Dark, multicelled conidia on sympodial conidiophore

Answer 55

Ulocladium

Question 56

Conidia ○ Angular cross-walls ○ In some species, echinulate surface

Answer 56

Ulocladium

Question 57

bright salmon pink color. ● They resemble the cryptococci because they bear a capsule and urease positive (+) ● Some species are also nitrate positive (+)

Answer 57

Rhpdptorula