BACTE UNIT 1

Question 1

recovery of aerobic organisms

Answer 1

SWABS

Question 2

for Bacterial Culture / Good for fastidious bacteria

Answer 2

dacron, calcium alginate ,rayon

Question 3

viral culture

Answer 3

cotton and dacron

Question 4

flexible swab

Answer 4

nasopharyngeal swab

Question 5

plastic or wooden material

Answer 5

shaft

Question 6

prior to culture and sputum examination, pre-examone the submitted sputum

Answer 6

gram stain bartlett’s classification

> 25 leukocytes
<10 epithelial cells

Question 7

catheter tips, CSF for viruses, outer ear swab, unpreserved feces and urine, feces (for isolation of Clostridioides difficile toxin), sputum, swabs

Answer 7

REF TEMP 4

Question 8

CSF for bacteria, abscess, lesion, wound, body fluids, inner ear,
preserved urine and stool, nasal specimens, and tissues

Answer 8

AMBIENT ROOM TEMP 22

Question 9

CSF FOR MENINGITIS

Answer 9

body temp 37

Question 10

serum for serology

long term storage

Answer 10

-20

-70

Question 11

Usual incubation time for most bacteria; AFB

Answer 11

18-24 hours at 37 degrees

Question 12

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Campylobacter jejuni

Answer 12

42 degrees

Question 13

Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica

Answer 13

4 degrees

Question 14

Aerobic bacteria eg. P.aeruginosa

Answer 14

ambient air 21% oxygen

Question 15

Anaerobic eg. Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, Clostridium

Answer 15

Gas-Pak, Brewer Jar, Glove Box method, Biobag System

Question 16

Enterics

Answer 16

facultative anaerobes

Question 17

Capnophiles

Answer 17

510% carbon dioxide; Use of Candle Jar

Question 18

Microaerophiles eg. Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori

Answer 18

reduced oxygen (5-6%)

Question 19

less than 2 hours

Answer 19

abscess, ear aspirates, conjunctival swab
specimens from female genital tract, prostatic swab, male urethral swab, lower respiratory tract
throat swab, straight catheter and unpreserved urine

Question 20

within 2 hours

Answer 20

blood, bone marrow aspirates

Question 21

within 24 hours

Answer 21

stool

Question 22

less than 15 minutes

Answer 22

body fluids
corneal scrapings
gastric aspirates

Question 23

suprapubic aspirate

Answer 23

immediately

Question 24

factors affecting microbial growth

Answer 24

1. type of organism
2. microbial load
3. concentration of agents to be used
4. presence of organic material
5. nature of surface to be disinfected
6. contact time
7. temp and pH
8. compatibility of disinfectants

Question 25

refers to the absence of microbes in an area or object.

Answer 25

asepsis

Question 26

refers to methods employed to prevent entry of organisms into the body as well into test tubes, flasks, or plates used in microbial cultivation.

Answer 26

aseptic technique

Question 27

involves chemical disinfection of living tissues (i.e. mucus membrane, skin) as well as in the treatment of wounds. The chemical agent employed is called antiseptic

Answer 27

ANTISEPSIS

Question 28

a condition in which microbial growth and multiplication is halted or inhibited. The microorganisms is not killed or destroyed in the process. Bacteriostatic methods include the use of refrigeration as well as dyes.

Answer 28

bacteriostasis

Question 29

microorganisms inadvertently introduced to specimens or bacterial culture.

Answer 29

contaminant

Question 30

the process of removal of pathogenic microorganisms so materials/items are safe to handle or dispose.

Answer 30

DECONTAMINATION

Question 31

removal of transient microorganisms from the skin using mechanical cleansing or antiseptics.

Answer 31

demerging

Question 32

process of destruction of pathogenic microorganisms except spores, prions and other microorganisms.

Answer 32

DISINFECTION

Question 33

destruction of all forms of life including bacterial spores.

Answer 33

STERILIZATION

Question 34

lowest temperature in which all bacteria in a liquid culture will be killed in 10 minutes

Answer 34

thermal death point

Question 35

minimal length of time in which all bacteria in a liquid suspension will be killed at a given temperature

Answer 35

thermal death time

Question 36

Factors influencing the degree of killing

Answer 36

1. types of organisms 2. number of organisms concentration or compatibility of disinfectant 4. presence of organic material 5. nature of surface to be disinfected 6. contact time 7. temperature 8. pH 9. biofilm

Question 37

unacceptable and rejected specimens

Answer 37

1. request and specimen mismatch (wrong label) 2. improper transport container 3. QNS 4. unpreserved specimens (>2hrs) 5. fixed specimens 6. improper collection 7. sputum (bartlett’s classification)

Question 38

unacceptable and rejected specimens

Answer 38

1. request and specimen mismatch (wrong label) 2. improper transport container 3. QNS 4. unpreserved specimens (>2hrs) 5. fixed specimens 6. improper collection 7. sputum (bartlett’s classification)