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MYCOVIRO > UNIT 3 PART 2 > Flashcards

UNIT 3 PART 2 Flashcards

1
Q

POSITIVE SENSE ENVELOPED RNA VIRUSES

A

Flaviviridae
Togaviridae
Matonavirisae
Retroviridae

CLASS 4

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2
Q

single stranded RNA viruses of the positive sense
● transmitted by ticks and mosquitoes

A

Flaviviridae

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3
Q

Only the female arthropod bites and does
the blood meal and transmits it.

A

True

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4
Q

arthropod-borne viruses

A

Arbovirus

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5
Q

name came from the Latin word “flavus” meaning
yellow because of its propensity to cause jaundice in
patients

A

Flaviviridae

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6
Q

positive sense that can be DIRECTLY detected in
serum in CSF.

A

Flaviviridae

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7
Q

Most sensitive - virus specific IgM via ELISA.

A

Flaviviridae

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8
Q

Genus: Flavivirus

Vector: Aedes aegypti (breeds in stagnant water)

A

YFV

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9
Q

causes Yellow fever characterized by jaundice, fever
● Target organ: liver

A

YFV

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10
Q

pagkagat, the virus will replicate in the ____
then it will spread in the liver via hematogenous route

A

lymph node,

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11
Q

in what day can it cause hemorrhage(15%)
○ It can cause severe illness and death in
elderly and children

A

severe days 7-10

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12
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus
● Vector: Aedes aegypti
● causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever(DHF)

A

DENV

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13
Q

Once bitten, it will cause symptoms for

A

4-7 days

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14
Q

Fever, chills, joint pain, headache,
rash (usually in adults)

A

Without warning signs for Day 1-5

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15
Q

Fever, chills, joint pain, headache,
rash (usually in adults)

A

Without warning signs for Day 1-5

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16
Q

reddish skin
with white spots = Patient is
pagaling na

A

hermann’s rash

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17
Q

With abdominal pain, severe
headache, vomiting, gum bleed
■ low platelet

A

with warning signs

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18
Q

Dengue hemorrhagic fever
■ High Hemoglobin and Hematocrit
causing lasma leakage (mashado
malapot)
■ Narrow pulse pressure
● systolic-diastolic: 80/60
blood pressure

A

severe dengue

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19
Q

Antigen of Dengue, Day 1 to 7

A

NS1

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20
Q

first antibody in any virus na
lalabas.(Day 4 comes out; peaks
at Day 5). After the infection, a few
days before siya bumaba.

A

IgM

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21
Q

would come up after Day 7
(Lifelong Immunity); but you are
only protected from 1 serotype.

A

IgG

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22
Q

Basis for dengue vaccines like
dengvaxia. Only effective
to people who had
dengue before.

A

serotype 2

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23
Q

The dominant serotype in 2010 and 2018 in
the Philippines is

A

DENV-3

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24
Q

rapid detection on the 1st day
of fever, before antibodies appear some 5 or
more days later

A

NS1 antigen

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25
Q

antibodies to dengue

A

IgG/IgM

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26
Q

combination of antigen and
antibody test

A

combo

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27
Q

became available in 2016;
only recommended to prevent re-infection in
individuals who have been previously
infected

A

dengvaxia

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28
Q

became available in 2022;
suitable for adults, adolescents and children
from 4 years of age

A

qdenga

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29
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus
● Vector: Culex pipiens (and other Culex sp.)

A

SLEV

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30
Q

Most important cause of epidemic encephalitis in
North Amerixca.

A

SLEV

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31
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus
● Vector: Culex
● causes inflammation of the brain (encephalitis)

80% of infection have few or no symptoms
○ now, roughly 20% have symptoms

A

WNV

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32
Q

Most cases occur in old people.

A

WNV

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33
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus
● Vector: Psorophora ferox (and other mosquitoes)
● causes Rocio viral encephalitis
● Caused epidemic in Brazil in 1975-1976

A

ROCV

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34
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus
● Vector: A. aegypti and A. albopictus
● name came from Zika forest of Uganda
● Transmitted also through sexual contact or blood
● Caused an epidemic in 2015–2016

A

ZIKA VIRUS

35
Q

Infection during pregnancy causes Microcephaly
○ affects skull formation of fetus

A

ZIKV

36
Q

s/s: Rash, joint paints, conjunctivitis, and fever
● Virus seen in semen na vector-borne.
● Seen in Blood, Urine, Semen.

A

ZIKV

37
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus
● causes zoonotic infection

A

TBE

38
Q

Central European encephalitis virus, CEEV) –

Vector: Ixodes ricinus

A

western european subtype of TBE

39
Q

formerly West Siberian
virus –

Vector: Ixodes persulcatus

A

siberian subtype

40
Q

formerly Russian
Spring Summer encephalitis virus, RSSEV) –

Vector: Ixodes persulcatus

■ most virulent subtype
■ Found in Russia and Northern part
of China

A

far eastern subtype

41
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus

● Vector: Ticks(Haemaphysalis spinigera)

causes Kyasanur Forest Disease
● First reported in Karnataka, India

A

KFD

42
Q

At risk: Forest Workers
● Most recover within 2 weeks
● Wood cutters are at high risk

A

KFD

43
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus

● Vector: Sand Tampan(Ornithodoros savignyi)

○ Desert only.
● causes Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever(AHF)
● Based in Saudi Arabia

A

ALKV

44
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus
Vector: Ixodid ticks(Dermacentor sp.)
● causes Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever(AHF)
● Omsk, Western Siberia in Russia
● Rectal bleeding

A

OHFV

45
Q

Genus: Orthoflavivirus
● Vector: Ixodid ticks(Ixodes and Dermacentor sp.)
● causes Powassan encephalitis
● Powassan, Ontario, Canada

A

POWV

46
Q

causes both encephalitis and meningitis
● Low mortality and fatality

A

POWV

47
Q

Genus: Orthoflaviviridae
● Culex spp.
● Asia
● Up to 50% of survivors had neurologic or pyschiatric
sequelae (behavior changes)

A

JAPANESE B ENCEPHALITIS

48
Q

Infections in pregnant patients in 1st and 2nd trimester
could lead to fetal death
● most are pediatric patients
● with vaccine

A

JAPANESE B ENCEPHALITIS

49
Q

Sand tampan
(Ornithodoros
savignyi)

A

ALKHURMA VIRUS

50
Q

Ixodid ticks
(Haemaphysalis
spinigera)

A

KFDV

51
Q

Ixodid ticks
(Dermacentor sp.)

A

OHFV

52
Q

Vector: Ixodid ticks(Ixodes and Dermacentor sp.

A

POWV

53
Q
  1. Fevers of an undifferentiated type with or
    without a maculopapular rash and usually
    benign
  2. Encephalitis, often with a high case fatality
    rate
  3. Hemorrhagic fevers, also frequently severe
    and fatal
A

human arboviral infections

54
Q

Genus: Hepacivirus

not transmitted by arthropod vector

A

HCV

55
Q

Transmission : blood transfusion, sexual contact,
needle stick injuries

A

HCV

56
Q

screening test

A

ANTI- HCV

57
Q

Anti-HCV (+) in and HCV RNA (-) =

A

occult hepa c

58
Q

Additional testing: ______
for confirmatory

A

biopsy

59
Q

viral load

A

HCV RNA

60
Q

70-90% cases go to chronic hepatitis
● 1-5% will have HCC or Liver Cancer

A

HCV

61
Q

Genus: Pegivirus
● a new genus under Flaviviridae
a new genus under Flaviviridae name is derived from “Pe” for persistent and “g” to refer to its former name
(Hepatitis G virus or “G” B virus)
● causes Hepatitis G

A

GB VIRUS C

62
Q

Mode of Transmission: Blood Transfusion; Sexual
Contact
● can cause Portal Hepatitis

A

GB VIRUS C

63
Q

Small non-segmented positive sense single stranded
RNA viruses
● Dubbed as such because of the “loose envelope”
displayed in EM
● Also an Arbovirus

A

TOGAVIRIDAE

64
Q

The only Genus in Togaviridae

A

GENUS ALPHAVIRUS/GROUP A

65
Q

Popular: Chikungunya
● There are 32 alphavirus species

A

GENUS ALPHAVIRUS/GROUP A

66
Q

Tropical Africa,
India,
SEA, Philippines

SFI, arthropathy

A

Chikungunya virus

67
Q

Sobrang sakit joints “Debilitating”
Joint Pains that can last 2-3 years
○ Duration of infection: 7-10 days

A

chikungunya

68
Q

distinguished rubella from measles and scarlet fever.

A

george de maton

69
Q

Positive sense Single stranded RNA virus
● Cytoplasm site of replication

A

matonaviridae

70
Q

Genus: Rubivirus
● causes German measles

A

RUBELLA VIRUS

71
Q

milder and shorter form of measles

A

congenital rubella syndrome

72
Q

may cause fetal disease
● the first member of Matonaviridae
● Rashes start in the face, with fever, sore throat.
● MMR Vaccine

A

RUBELLA VIRUS

73
Q

cataract, congenital heart
disease, low birth rate, microcephaly

A

congenital rubella syndrome

74
Q

joined
Rubella virus as second and third members of the
genus Rubivirus
● Neither of them are known to infect people

A
  1. ruhugu virus
  2. rustrela virus
75
Q

reverse transcribing viruses

A

retroviridae

76
Q

normal genetic elements in
the chromosomal DNA
■ Remnants of ancient retroviral
infections
■ Became part of the normal human
genome

A

endogenous

77
Q

horizontally-transmitted
infectious RNA-containing viruses

A

exogenous

78
Q

Genus: Deltaretrovirus

A

HTLV

79
Q

cause adult T-cell leukemia and
other lymphoma
■ can also cause tropical spastic
paraparesis

A

HTLV 1

80
Q

cause Hairy cell leukemia
■ When there’s an increase in
lymphocyte production by the bone
marrow.

A

HTLV 2

81
Q

Genus: Lentivirus
● causes AIDS

A

HIV

82
Q

most common and most pathogenic
strain

A

HIV 1

83
Q

closely related to simian
immunodeficiency virus
■ Mainly found in africa

A

HIV 2

MYCOVIRO (10 decks)

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