Unit 6 Nervous System Objectived 16-26 Flashcards
Forebrain contains?
- Cerebrum
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
Parts of the brain?
Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
Hindbrain contains?
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata
- Cerebellum
Lobes of the cerebral hemisphere?
Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital Central
(Forebrain)
Frontal lobe of cerebrum
Controls voluntary muscles and judgement
(Forebrain)
Parietal lobe of the cerebrum
Controls sensory functions such as pain,touch, and temperature interpretation
(Forebrain)
Temporal lobe of the cerebrum
Controls hearing, smell and taste
(Forebrain)
Occipital lobe of cerebrum
Controls vision
(Forebrain)
Thalamus
Serves as relay center and monitors sensory stimuli
(Forebrain)
Hypothalamus
Controls body temperature, water balance, sleep, appetite, some emotions such as fear and pleasure, bad both divisions of the autonomic nervous system
(Midbrain)
Serves as reflex center
(Hindbrain)
Pons
Relays impulses between the cerebrum and cerebellum, and the cerebrum and medulla oblongata
(Hindbrain)
Medulla oblongata
Controls vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, swallowing, and coughing
(Hindbrain)
Cerebellum
Maintains body balance, equilibrium, coordination, and muscle tone
Functional areas of the brain?
Motor area Sensory area Visual area Balance, Equilibrium, Coordination and Muscle Tone area Cranial nerves IX, X,XI,XII Cranial nerves V, VI, VII, VIII Auditory area
Fissures of the brain
Longitudinal Fissure
Central Fissure
Lateral Fissure
Longitudinal fissure
The deep fissure between the cerebral hemispheres
Central Fissure
At a right angle to the longitudinal fissure
Lateral fissure
Seperate temporal lobe from rest of cerebral hemisphere
Are _______ cavities in the brain
Two _______ ventricles (first and second)
Third ventricle
Fourth ventricle
4
Lateral
Are filled with ___________
Cerebrospinal fluid
Are ______ with the _________ of the spinal cord
Continuous
Central canal
The ________ _________ are located inside the _______ _______
Lateral ventricles
Cerebral hemispheres
Each lateral ventricle possesses a _______, ________, and ________ horn
Posterior
Anterior
Inferior
Posterior horn extends into the _______ lobe.
_______ horn extends into the frontal lobe.
Inferior horn extends into the ______ lobe.
Occipital
Anterior
Temporal
Each lateral ventricle communicates with the ______ ventricle by the way of ________ ________
Third
Interventricular foramen
The third ventricle is located in the ___________
Diencephalon
The cerebral aqueduct of ______ connects the _______ ventricle with the ________ ventricle
Sylvia
Third
Fourth
The fourth ventricle lies between the _______ and the pons and ________
Cerebellum
Medulla
The fourth ventricle is ______ with the central canal of the spinal cord. It also communicates with the _________ ________ of the spinal canal through ________ ________.
Continuous
Subarachnoid space
Thee fora mina
One medial - Foramen of _______
Two lateral - Foramen of _______
Magendie
Luschka
Inside each ventricle are tiny masses of specialized capillaries called _______ ________
Choroid plexuses
The choroid plexuses secrete the ____________ ________
Cerebrospinal fluid
______ arteries, two __________ and ____ vertebrals, unite to form the __________ at the base of the brain
Four
Internal carotids
Two
Circle of Willis
_______ arrangement of the arteries equalizes the circulation and provides an alternate passageway for blood in case of blockage of one of the arteries.
Circular
Approximately _____ of the total output of the heart is need led by the ______ for normal function.
15%
Brain
Numerous centers of function in the brain require an adequate supply of ________ at all times
Oxygen
Pair of spinal nerves
Cervical
8
Pair of spinal nerves
Thoracic
12
Pairs of spinal nerves
Lumbar
5
Pair of spinal nerves
Sacral
5
Pairs of spinal nerves
Coccygeal
1
Name: Olfactory
Number: I
Function:
Function: Sense of smell
Name: Optic
Number:
Function:
Number: II
Function: Sense of sight
Name:
Number: III
Function: Controls part of the eyeball muscle
Name: Oculomotor
Name:
Number: IV
Function: Controls one eyeball muscle
Name: Trochlear
Name: Trigeminal
Number:
Function: Three branches supply cornea and conjunctiva, upper portion of face, ear, lower lip, teeth, and gums, and muscles for chewing
Number: V
Name: Abducens
Number: VI
Function:
Function: Controls lateral eye movement
Name:
Number: VII
Function: supplies facial muscles, middle ear, and taste
Name: Facial
Name:
Number:
Function: Sense of hearing and balance
Name: auditory
Number: VIII
Name:
Number: IX
Function:
Name: Glossopharyngeal
Function: Taste, swallowing
Name:
Number:
Function: Swallowing, hunger, speech muscles, breathing, heart rate, peristalsis, and control of glands in stomach and pancreas
Name: vagus
Number: X
Name: Spinal accessory
Number:
Function:
Number: XI
Function: Controls muscles of neck and upper back
Name: Hypoglossal
Number: XII
Function:
Function: Controls tongue muscles
Fibers arise from the ______ or _____ and from sacral region of the cord out to the _______ which lie near or on the _______, blood vessels, and glands
Midbrain
Medulla
Ganglia
Viscera
Functions while the body is at rest and under no stress. All organ systems function at _____ rate
Normal
Usually acts as a balance for the _______ division
Sympathetic
Includes centers which lie ______ to the anterior surface of the spinal column from the ______, thoracic, and _____ regions of the spinal cord and __________ fibers arising from these centers
Laterally
Cervical
Lumbar
Preganglionic
Includes sympathetic _______ and their fibers
Ganglia
Includes great _______ that are stimulated by impulses from the ____________
Plexuses
Sympathetic ganglia
Acts as an _______ which increases activity of organs
Accelerator
Fictions during periods of _______, strenuous exercise, fatigue and anger
Stress
Constitutes an _______ __________ in the body
Emergency mechanism
