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Nur 112 > Unit 6 Lecture > Flashcards

Unit 6 Lecture Flashcards

0
Q

Flu can cause:

A

Otitis
Viral or bacterial Pneumonia
Bronchitis

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1
Q

Flu spreading

A

Up to 6 ft in any direction

Plus surfaces

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2
Q

Bacterial pneumonia

A

More common with chronic conditions or older adults

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3
Q

Flu timeline

A

Exposed 1-5 days before symptoms
Infectious for a day before symptoms
Infectious for 5-7 days after

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4
Q

Flu symptoms (NVD FEARS)

A 
NVD
Fever
Extreme fatigue
Aches
Runny nose 
Sore throat
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5
Q

Live virus vaccines

A

Ages 2-49

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6
Q

Assessments for flu

A

WBC are normal/low

Chest x to rule out pneumonia

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7
Q

Antivirals

A

Prevents spread by Inhibit enzymes to prevent entry to cell

Takes a couple days to work

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8
Q

Antivirals

A

Reduce duration and severity

Mivir and virin

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9
Q

Relenza

A 
Zanamivir
> 7 for treatment
> 5 for prevention
No resp issues
Inhaled powder
5 days
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10
Q

Tamiflu

A

Oseltamivir
Pill or liquid
Treatment > 2 weeks
Prevention > 1 year

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11
Q

Health care acquired pneumonia

A

20-50% mortality rate
Acquired in hospital
Susceptible PT and stronger bacteria
Ventilator increases risk

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12
Q

Lobar

A

Isolated to one lobe and solid are on X-ray
Usually younger PT
Usually seek treatment early
Follows viral/flu

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13
Q

Bronchopneumonia

A 
Low grade fever
Cough
Crackles
Patchy X-ray 
Hospital correlation
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14
Q

Walking pneumonia

A

Not debilitating with mild symptoms

May not need meds

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15
Q

Pneumonia causes

A

Bacteria
Virus
Non-pathogens (chemicals, smoke, aspirations)

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16
Q

Susceptible to pneumonia

A

Diminished swallowing/gag reflex
Immunosupressed
Smoker/drinker
Children/elderly

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17
Q

Pneumonia in children

A

More susceptible
Fever can lead to seizure
Retractions and nasal flaring
Exhausted or restless

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18
Q

Old people pneumonia symptoms

A

Mental confusion
Weakness/fatigue
Loss of appetite
Fever/cough absent

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19
Q

Pneumonia diagnostic tests (CAB SOX)

A 
Culture
ABG
Blood work
Serology if culture is negative
O2
X-Ray
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20
Q

Meds for Pneumonia (classes)

A 
Specific and BS Antibiotics 
Bronchodilators/sympathomimetics
Expectorants
IV fluids
Pain meds
Antipyretic
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21
Q

Pneumonia home care (TREAT)

A 
Tobacco avoidance
Rest
Eat
All meds
Talk to Doc if worse
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22
Q

Penicillin lab effects

A

Lower RBC/WBC/PLT/K

Interfere with ACE inhibitors

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23
Q

Penicillins goods

A

Safe for all
IM/IV
Absorbed well
Doesn’t cross blood/brain barrier

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25
Q

Anaphylaxis interventions

A

Stop
ABC
Antihistamine/steroids

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26
Q

Cephalosporins instructions

A

W/ Food
No alcohol
Store in fridge

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27
Q

Penicillin s/e

A

Organisms are more resistant
Risk for Anaphylaxis
K Blood
Interfere with ACE inhibitors

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28
Q

Cephalosporins bads

A

Increased bleeding

Thrombophlebitis/pain

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29
Q

Carbapenems

A

Penems

IV

30
Q

Cephalosporins prefixes

A

Cef/Ceph

31
Q

Cephalosporins bads

A

Increased bleeding

Thrombophlebitis/pain

32
Q

Macrolides Instructions

A

Oral/IV
Empty stomach
No juice
Tastes metallic

33
Q

Macrolide assessments

A 
Weight loss
Renal/Hepato
Increases coumadin effect
Rash
Prolonged QT
34
Q

Ketolides instructions

A

Food or not

Not for liver disorder

34
Q

Tetracycline

A 
\+/-
Static
PO
Contraceptive decrease
Not for pregnant
35
Q

Carbapenem different bad

A

Seizure

37
Q

Tetracycline s/e

A

Teeth discolor especially in <8
Photosensitive
Colitis
Decreases Contraceptive

37
Q

Amino glycosides monitoring

A

Hearing
Peak/trough
I/O
Nephro/hepato/neuro

38
Q

Peak

A

Measures rate of absorption
Drawn 30 min after completed infusion
Peak is high, prob toxic
Peak is low, not therapeutic

39
Q

Aminoglycosides monitoring

A

Hearing
Peak/trough
I/O
Nephro/hepato/neuro

40
Q

Tetracycline

A

PO

Not for pregnant

41
Q

Tetracycline gi

A

Not within 2hrs of dairy, antacids, iron
Decreases effect
Doxy or mino need food

43
Q

Sulfonamide instructions

A

No alcohol, mouthwash, aftershave

No 1st trimester

43
Q

Sulfonamide monitoring

A

I/O
Flu symptoms/infection
Bruising/bleeding

44
Q

Sulfonamide s/e

A

Crystals in red brown urine
Metal Taste
Aplastic/hemolytic anemia
Steven Johnson syndrome- flu like then purple skin lesions, blisters

45
Q

Sulfonamide med avoidance

A

Thiazides (check)
Aspirin
Blood meds

46
Q

Trough

A

Lowest concentration
Measures rate of elimination
High- prob toxic because not clearing
Immediately before next infusion

48
Q

Flouroquinolones s/e

A 
Photo
Cns 
Sleep dis
heart
Brown orange urine
Levoquin-GLU may bottom out
48
Q

Fungal contraindications

A

Liver, kidney

49
Q

Glycopeptides Instructions

A

+ only
Oral IV
Rotate sites
1-2 hour

50
Q

Glycopeptide value monitor

A

Blood decreases

51
Q

Antifungals

A

Superficial infections

Diflucan

52
Q

Flagyl

A

Impairs DNA of weak bacteria

Treats: GI, vaginosis, skin, lower resp

53
Q

Med need to look ups

A

Charts
Nursing interventions
Key meds

54
Q

Aminoglycoside concerns

A

Avoid benzo/anesthetics
Safety measures
Urine Output

55
Q

Flagyl s/e

A

Drunk symptoms
Dark urine
Anorexia

56
Q

S-E for all meds

A

GI
HA
Supers

57
Q

Penicillin Instructions

A

1 hr before/2 hr after meals

58
Q

Vanc S/E

A 
Hearing loss
Shock
Red Man
SJ syndrome
Nephro
Anxiety/Memory
59
Q

Vanc Instructions

A

Serum levels 1-2 after and right before
1-2 hours IV
Monitor Glycopeptide SE

60
Q

Ketolide Indications

A

Serious resp infections

Community acquired pneumonia

61
Q

Macrolide Indications

A

STD
Allergy to Penicillins
Soft Tissue

62
Q

Carbapenems indications

A

The broadest/Hospital Aq infection

Last resort

63
Q

Penicillin indications

A

+/-
STD
Proph

64
Q

Cephalosporins indications

A

+/-
BL resistent
Postop/Pelvic
Min

65
Q

Aminoglycoside indications RUNG

A 
-/Some +
SERIOUS infections 
Resp
Urinary
Nervous
GI
66
Q

Glycopeptide indications

A 
\+ 
Resp Staph
MRSA
Bone
Nothing else works
67
Q

Antifungal administration

A

PO/IV/Vaginal/Topical
Monitor Urine
No alcohol

68
Q

Flouroquinolones indications BS GAP

A 
Bone infection
STIS
Gastrointeritis
Antrhax
Pneumonia
69
Q

Sulfonamide indications BE MO

A

Burns
Eye Proph
Meningitis
Otitis Media

70
Q

Flouroquinolone instructions

A 
PO 
Absorbed well
Food or not
antacids decrease Fe, Ca, Mg, Zn
No children, baby, breasting, preg

Nur 112 (19 decks)

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