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Nur 112 > Unit 5/6 Kozier/Piillitteri > Flashcards

Unit 5/6 Kozier/Piillitteri Flashcards

0
Q

Pilliteri reading

A

1170-1178

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1
Q

Kozier Reading

A

Unit 5
50: 1378-1403

Unit 6
31

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2
Q

Intrapleural

A

Pressure in the plural cavity around the lungs

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3
Q

Intrapulmonary Pressure

A

Pressure in the lung

Equal to atmosphere

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4
Q

Normal tidal volume

A

500 mL

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5
Q

Compliance

A

Lung stretching

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6
Q

Atelectasis

A

Partial lung collapse

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7
Q

Lung recoil

A

Opposite of compliance

Easing of stretching important for expiration

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8
Q

Hemoglobin

A

97% O2 is bound

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9
Q

Factors affecting O2 transoirt

A

Cardiac output
Erythrocytes
Hematocrit
Excercise

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10
Q

CO2 transport

A

Bicarbonate in RBC
CO2 in HGB
Carbonic acid in plasma

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11
Q

Medulla

A

Responds strongly to CO2 concentration and stimulates increased respiration

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12
Q

Emphysema

A

Controlled by O2 concentrations
CO2 chronically elevated
High O2 levels may stop breathing

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13
Q

Lungs at birth

A

Fluid drains
CO2 increases and then first breath
2 weeks to full infation

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14
Q

Factors decreasing adult lung functioning (Decreases)

A 
Decreasing:
Tissue elasticity
Gas exchange
Cough reflex
Cilia movement
Muscle/Bone strength
Immune system
Efficiency in eating
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15
Q

Environmental factors of Oxygenation

A

Temp
Pollution
Altitude

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16
Q

Lifestyle factors of Oxygenation

A

Exercise
Employment
Foreign substance inhalation

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17
Q

Hyperventilation and Oxygenation

A

PO2 rises
CO2 falls
Bronchioles dilate
Blood flow increases

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18
Q

Upper Airway Obstruction

A

Nost Phar and Lar

Caused by food, tongue falling back, Wet sounding secretions

19
Q

Lower Airway obstruction

A

Bronchi and lungs

Caused by mucus and exudate

20
Q

RR across lifespan

A

Neonate 40-80
Infant 30
Preschool 25
Adolescent and up 12-20

21
Q

Pediatric Oxygenation diseases

A

Infection
Choking
Cystic Fibrosis
Asthma

22
Q

Older Adults Oxygenation Diseases

A 
Infection
Emphysema
COPD
Pneumonia
Smoking/Chemical
Alpha1Antitrypsin
23
Q

Older Adult Pneumonia symptoms

A 
Absent fever
Confusion
Decreased appetite
Increased VS
Decreased O2
24
Q

Interventions to manage COPD symptoms

A 
Encourage wellness
Disease prevention 
Pacing
Smaller/Frequent meals
Avoid environmental factors CI
Medications
25
Q

Interventions for pneumonia PTs

A 
Change position
Ambulate
Deep breathing
Breathing TX
Medications
Suctioning
26
Q

Strido

A

Harsh high pitched sound

Found in lower obstructions

27
Q

Peds medicine and bronchitis

A

Mostly to relieve symptoms

Cough syrup not indicated because sputum needs to be expressed

28
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Most common @ 6 months
Prevalent @ < 2 years
Winter and Spring
Correlation with developing asthma

29
Q

bBronchiolitis symptoms

A 
1-2 days URI
2-3 days of symptoms
Hypoxia
Flaring, retractions, wheezing
Tachy
Eating slows
Easily Fatigued
30
Q

RSV

A 
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
UREI and moves to bronchioles
Need to be hospitalized
Peaks in 48-72 hours
Isolation precautions
31
Q

RSV Symptoms

A

S/S of resp distress
Abnormal lung sounds
Apnea

32
Q

RSV treatment

A 
Dehydration
Lethargic
O2 (possibly vent)
Abnormal lung sounds
Hypoxia
33
Q

RSV meds

A

Ribavarin (controversial AV)

RSV-IGIV
Palivizumab (both can be prophylactically given to Premie during winter)

34
Q

Asthma

A

Most common chronic illness

S/S @ <5 years (Bronchiolitis might be initially diagnosed)

35
Q

Asthma exacerbaters (Cops Map)

A 
Cold Air
Odors
Pollen/Pollution
Smoke
Mold
Aspirin
Pets
36
Q

Asthma Mechanisms (Bib)

A

Bronchospasm
Inflammation
Bronchial secretion increase

37
Q

Asthma symptom

A 
Dry cough
Difficult exhaling
Dyspnea
Wheezing on exp more common
Wheezing on inh signals acute
38
Q

Asthma assesment

A 
Visually assess for breathing distress
Auscultate lungs 
Compare inhale/exhale time
Pulse Ox
Percussion is louder than normal
39
Q

Asthma Weezing

A

Should be bilateral
If localized, may be aspiration
Decrease with S/S still persistent indicated acute emergency)

40
Q

Asthma attack interventions

A

Don’t say “relax’
Have PT sit or stand
Meds
Hydrate but not milk

41
Q

Classes of Asthma meds

A 
Prophylactic
Corticosteroids (flovent)
Mast Cell agonist (Cromoly Na)
Leukotriene Receptor Agonists 
Acute
Bronchodilators (Buterols)
42
Q

Status Asthmaticus

A

Persistent Unrelieved asthma attack

43
Q

Status Asthmaticus ABG symptoms

A

Low O2
High CO2
Acidosis

44
Q

Status Asthmaticus Treatment

A 
Continue steroids and dilators
O2
Warm PO Fluids
D5.45
Intubation/Ventilation PRN
45
Q

Asthmaticus O2 guidelines

A 
Maintain > 90% O2 sat
< 30% Face mask/cannula
> 40% Venturi with rebreathing
Humidified
Assess for hyp/apnea from too much CO2

Nur 112 (19 decks)

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