Unit 6 "Learning" Flashcards
What’s the reaction to Psychodynamic theory through observable behavior? And who started it?
why do we study observable behavior?
Behaviorism
John B. Watson
because it can be tested
What’s the Psych term for “learning/teaching?
Conditioning
Explain “Observable Learning”? and what’s another term for it?
It's learning through watching others, w/o prior knowledge/ experience Another term (Social learning)
A process of observing and imitating specific behaviors.
modeling
Who was Albert Bandura?
Explain ALL about him) (what did he criticize and why?
Albert Bandura created the Social learning theory.
Did the bobo doll experiment
he criticized behaviorism because it left out thinking.
Explain Social Learning Theory
We learn behaviors from watching/ imitating other people or from being rewarded or punished.
Explain Social Cognitive Theory
behavior is determined by a combo of our traits and situation
What are the 2 conditionings? and who mostly contributed/ created them?
Classical conditioning: Ivan Pavlov
Operant conditioning: Edward Thorndike & B.F Skinner
Explain Classical Conditioning.
What does it? contain and example
it’s an involuntary behavior caused by 2 stimuli being paired and causing 1 response.
(UC+ Neutral Stimulus = CS)
training [bell(CS)+ meat(UCS)+ salvation (CR)]= dog thinks there’s meat whenever there’s a bell (CR)
Explain the components needed in a Classical Conditioning
Conditioned= learned
Unconditioned= instinct
Neural Stimuli= bell no effect until pared with UC
it’s an initial stage of learning (start)
Acquisition
it’s the loss of the condition response
extinction
When the lost conditioned response comes back
Spontaneous Recovery
____ organism respond to one stimulus but not the other
Stimulus discrimination
____ organism respond w/ CR to a similar stimulus to the CS
Stimulus generalization
____ adding a CS by associating it w/ previously learned CS
Higher-order learning
Stop eating a certain food due to a bad past experience (getting sick)
Taste- Aversion (Garcia effect)
Explain Operant Conditioning.
Who first founded then who continued
A voluntary behavior that’s gonna is either strengthened or weakened based on the consequences.
Edward Thorndike, B.F Skinner
What did Edward Thorndike contribute? and explain
Law of effect: satisfying effect= do it again
dissatisfying effect = not do it again
What experiment did B.F Skinner do?
He made an Operant Chamber (skinner box) and trapped the mouse and observed the responses when the mouse learns what’s gonna harm them.
Reinforcement V.s Punishment
Reinforcement: behavior is strengthened due to good consequences
Punishment: behavior is weakened due to bad consequences
Positive v.s Negative
P= something is added N= Something is removed
Positive Reinforcement v.s Negative Reinforcement
PR= behavior strengthened because something good is being added NR= behavior strengthened because something bad is removed
Positive Punishment v.s Negative Punishment
PP=behavior weakened because something bad is being added
NP= behavior weakened something good is removed
