“Unit 4 Sensation & Perception (VISUAL)” Flashcards
how do you perceive”brightness” in your eyes?
Amplitude
How do you perceive “color/hue” in your eyes?
wavelength
Name the 3 parts of the eyes how they look
Cornea= protects the eyes Pupil= inner eye (black whole) Iris= colored part of the eye
When there’s “plenty” of light the iris opening is _____
and what is this process called called
smaller, constriction
When there’s “not enough” of light the iris opening is _____. and what is this process called called
larger, dilation
(Part of the eye) _____“bends the light so the image falls directly into the _____
lens, retina
The “transductors” for visions. And explain how to transduce it.
rods and cones. They transduce the light waves into neural impulses
A process in which the lens change shape in order to focus on the retina.
Also, explain the bent when its (distance/ near)
Accommodation
Distance=flattens (lens)
Near= fattens (lens)
Explain the function of the “rods”.
it’s used for night vision & peripheral vision
Explain the function of the “cones”.
Color, Clear, Quicker
During sudden darkness, explain how the rods and cones adapt/ help each other
Sudden darkness the cones are able to use as the night vision at first then the rods will take the job (since it kinda takes time for rods to adapt)
defined as “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”
Gestalt
What do we use to “see the pattern” in our environment?
Gestalt Principles
Name the 6 Gestalt Principles and define them.
Phi Phenomenon= fast pace gives the illusion of movement
Figure & Ground= contrast figure in the front, and the background
Proximity= group objects that are closer
Similarity= grouping objects that are similar
Continuity= following lines that flow rather than paths that stray off
Closure= mentally close up figures that have openings
Name the 2 kinds of “Depth Perception” and what’s their difference & how many cues?
Monocular cues: 1 eyes= 6
Binocular cues: 2 eyes= 1
Name the 6 monocular cues
Relative size, Relative height, Interposition, Linear Perspective, Light & Shadow, Relative motion
brain think object gets smaller when they move farther (monocular)
Relative size
distance objects are higher in our plain of sight (monocular)
Relative height
Object A comes between you and objects B (monocular)
Interposition
parallel lines give the illusion of converging in the distance (monocular)
Linear Perspective
shading provides hints of depths (monocular)
Light & Shadow
close up object= faster , far objects= slower
monocular
Relative motion
different vision threshold due to distance from eyes (binocular)
Retinal Disparity
What are the “2 Constancy” our eyes perceive? Explain.
Size constancy= brain perceive object is the same size even at a distance
Color Cnostancy= brain perceive an object’s color is the same even with different lighting.
Explain how? and where? the images go to the brain
Process it goes through
(light-lens–retina–optic dsick w/ (Optic nerve) –thalamus–occipital lobe– visual cortex.
Who carries the visual neural impulses? (axons of rods & cones) and which whole it goes through?
Optic nerve— Optic Disk
How does Dark and Light adaptation work?
Dark= pupils dilate, cones help at the beginning then rods kick in, light= pupils constrict
What theory states “the combination of red, blue, green, allow us to see color”?
Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic (3 color) Theory
What theory states “3 pairs of colors act antagonistically toward each other”?
Opponent- Process theory
in the visual cortex, we have ____ that response to a scene’s edges, lines, angels, movements
Feature detectors
____ when the brain does many things at once
Parallel Processing
