Unit 2 Research Method

Question 1

What’s “Proximity”?

Answer 1

Physically close together

Question 2

What’s the “Mere Exposure Effect”?

Answer 2

The more you see it the more you like it.

Question 3

What’s “Hindsight Bias”?

Answer 3

gathering past info & overestimating themselves to predict current event. “I knew it all along”

Question 4

What’s “illusory correlation”?

Answer 4

“coincidence” 2 things unrelated

Question 5

What’s “Theory”?

Answer 5

Set of ideas that have been tested w/ explanations

Question 6

What’s a “Hypothesis” & “Replication”?

Answer 6

a scientific prediction.

Redo your study

Question 7

What are the 4 Types of Research?

What are the 2 categories of Research?

Answer 7

• Case Study, Natural Observation, Survey, Experiment.

- Descriptive/correlational Studies (no cause/effect) & Experiments (cause/effect)

Question 8

What’s a “Case Study”?

Good & Bad?

Answer 8

studying one person/small group.

-Learn about one person, but can’t generalize

Question 9

What’s “Natural Observation”?

Good & Bad?

Answer 9

studying a subject in their natural surrounding.

• Results are authentic & Realistic.
• Hawthorne Effect, Confirmation Bias

Question 10

What’s the “Hawthorne Effect” & “Confirmation Bias”?

Answer 10

• Subjects act differently when they know they’re being observed.
• We tend to see what we want to see.

Question 11

What’s a “Survey”?

Good & Bad?

Answer 11

• Answering Q/A about a particular subject.
• Cheap & quick
• Social Desirability Bias & Response Set

Question 12

What’s “Social Desirability Bias” & “Response Set”?

Answer 12

• People often lie in order to look good

- Answering in some sort of pattern.

Question 13

What an “Experiment”?

Good & Bad?

Answer 13

the investigation in which hypotheses are scientifically tested. (Cause & Effect)

• More info & non-descriptive
• takes money, time, participants, can be unethical

Question 14

Experimental vs. Control Group.

Answer 14

Ex G. has the Independent v. while Con G. stays the same

Question 15

Independent vs. Dependent v.

Answer 15

In= being manipulated
De= affected by the change (results)

Question 16

What’s an “Operational Definition”?

Answer 16

make variables measurable so they can be replicated.

Question 17

What are the Ethics of an Experiment?

Answer 17

subjects/participants = volunteers, need informed consent, Confidential
Debrief(explain) especially if they use deception(lie)

Question 18

What’s a “Placebo Effect”?

Answer 18

expecting that something might happen/follow.

Question 19

What’s “Random assignment”?

Answer 19

randomly assign participants into different groups

Question 20

What’s a “Single-blind Procedure”?

Answer 20

Participants don’t know who in what group.

Question 21

What’s a “Double-blind Procedure”?

Answer 21

Both Participants and Experimenters don’t know who’s in what group.

Question 22

What’s “Experimenter Bias”?

Answer 22

Experimenters sometimes give unintentional cues that affect the subject’s behavior.

Question 23

What’s “Sampling Bias”?

Answer 23

when sample doesn’t represent your population.

Question 24

What’s “Random Selection”

Answer 24

Survey where you need samples