Unit 5 - Lower Limb: Bones of the Lower Limb (Ex. IV)

Question 1

What are the articulations of the hip joint?

Answer 1

head of the femur w/ the acetabulum of the hip bone

Question 2

What connects the head of the femur w/ its shaft?

Answer 2

its I-L angled neck

Question 3

What separates the greater and lesser trochanters of the femur?

Answer 3

P - intertrochanteric crest

A - intertrochanteric line

Question 4

What are the angles of the shaft?

Answer 4

A - slightly bowed

angled M in anatomic position

Question 5

What landmarks arise distally from the linea aspera?

Answer 5

M and L supracondylar lines

Question 6

What is the significance of the M and L epicondyles of the femur?

Answer 6

they are attachment sites for ligaments of the knee

adductor tubercle - attachment site for muscle

Question 7

What are the distal articulations of the femur?

Answer 7

tibia @ the M and L condyles

Question 8

What separates the M and L epicondyles?

Answer 8

intercondylar notch

Question 9

What is the distal A articulation of the femur?

Answer 9

w/ the patella @ the patellar surface

Question 10

What is the S articulation of the base of the patella?

Answer 10

w/ the quadriceps tendon

Question 11

What is the I articulation of the apex of the patella?

Answer 11

w/ the patellar liament

Question 12

What are the articulations of the tibia?

Answer 12

proximal - w/ the femur @ the tibial plateau
- flat M and L condyles separated by an intercondylar eminence
w/ the fibula proximally at the tibiofibular joint and distally at the tibiofibular syndesmosis

Question 13

What is the tibial tuberosity?

Answer 13

located on the A surface below the tibial plateau and is an attachment site for thigh muscles

Question 14

What does the M malleolus form distally?

Answer 14

part of the mortise of the ankle joint

Question 15

What connects the shaft of the tibia and fibula?

Answer 15

interosseous membrane

Question 16

What are the articulations of the fibula?

Answer 16

proximally - head w/ L condyle of tibia @ proximal tibiofibular joint
narrow neck connects head to shaft
distal tibiofibular syndesmosis bonds fibula to distal tibia
distally - L malleolus forms L wall of mortise of ankle joint

Question 17

tarsal bones (7)

Answer 17

talus
calcaneus
navicular
cuboid
M cuneiform 
intermediate cuneiform
L cuneiform

Question 18

talus

Answer 18

most S tarsal bone
body articulates w/ tibia and fibula @ ankle joint
head articulates w/ navicular bone –> highest part of M arch of foot
I surface articulates w/ calcaneus

Question 19

calcaneus

Answer 19

large tarsal bone
articulates S w/ talus and A w/ cuboid
sustentaculum tali - M process that forms part of M arch of foot

Question 20

navicular

Answer 20

A to talus

forms part of M arch of foot

Question 21

cuboid

Answer 21

A to calcaneus on L side of foot

Question 22

M, intermediate, and L cuneiform bones

Answer 22

A to navicular

articulate distally w/ metatarsals

Question 23

5 metatarsals

Answer 23

1st (M) –> 5th (L)
bases articulate w/ tarsals proximally
heads articulate w/ proximal phalanges distally
shaft connects head to base
paired sesamoid bones on I surface of head of 1st metatarsal
prominent tuberosity @ base of 5th metatarsal - attachment site for muscles of the leg

Question 24

phalanges

Answer 24

2nd-5th have proximal, middle, and distal phalanx

1st: hallux –> only proximal and distal phalanx

Question 25

What forms the L part of the pelvic girdle?

Answer 25

hip (coxal) bone